气井井筒天然气流动规律及应用研究|气田试井论文
本文重点论述了气井生产系统分析的基本概念、基本原理和方法，对天然气在井筒中的流动规律，气井流入与流出动态曲线，纯气井和产液气井的动态曲线，进行了较为深入的系统分析和研究。根据气井的实际生产情况，建立了气井节点分析数学模型，给出了数学表达式。利用该数学模型，可计算不同油管直径的产气量和不同段的压力损失。根据气井的动态曲线预测气井生产气的能力，可进行气井系统指标预测、参数优选等工作。以四川气田的几口气井实际资料为例进行了计算、分析，结果与实际值基本吻合。在气藏精确计算与近似计算井底压力的各种数学模型以及气井生产系统节点分析的数学模型、计算程序和计算方法的基础上，引用了利用气井气柱压力精确计算与近似计算纯气气藏气井井底压力新方法，与确定气井流入动态曲线主要参数的不关井试井方法；应用提出的计算井底压力数学模型、计算程序，以及气井生产系统节点分析数学模型、计算程序和计算方法，重点研究并解决了气井生产系统的模拟与优化分析、单井集气流程的油管直径、分离器压力对产能的影响因素分析；确定气井在目前生产条件下的动态特征的分析方法，对优化气井控制产量，确定气井停喷时的生产状态，确定气井转入人工举升助采的最佳时机，以及提高气井采气速度和最终采收率，有一定的指导意义和应用价值，从而较好地发挥了气井生产系统分析在充分挖掘气藏生产潜力与提高气井开采经济效益中的地位和作用。
关键词：采气工程；生产系统节点分析；井底压力；数学模型；计算程序
Abstract
This paper presents the basic concept of the production systematic analysis gas well and the basic principle and method in nodal point analysis of the gas well; Give the result of deep going analysis as well as research on the gas flow rule in the wellbore,performance relationships curve of inflow and outflow as well as the curve of pure gas well sand liquid production on gas wells. According to the actual production conditions,the mathematical model of nodal system analysis of the gas wells is established and the mathematic expressions are proposed. It can be used to calculate the gas yielding amount of different tubing diameters and the pressure loss for each segment and to predict the gas productivity based on the performance curves of gas wells. It can also be applied to do many other works for gas wells such as system’s index prediction and parameter optimization,etc. The calculation and analysis are conducted by means of the field data from several gas wells in Sichuan oilfield. The calculated results accord basically with the real indices and parameters. On the basis of the conclusion on the various mathematic models which show the accurate calculation and approximate calculation of downhole pressure in conventional gaszones and the calculation program, mathematic models with the calculation method for nodal point analysis in gas production system, the author presents the new calculation method of differential pressure alternative calculation for the vertical pipe flow in condensate gas reservoir and the new method for accurate and approximate calculating of the downhole pressure in gas wells on the varies type of gas pool by gas column pressure in wellbore as well as well test method of non-closing well for determination main parameter of inflow performance curve. The paper analyzes the simulating and optimizing for the production system along with the factors of pay rate which are influenced by the tubing diameter in an individual well, gas gathering procedure and pressure in the separator and determines the analysis method for hydraulic performance under current circumstance. The paper has an instructive and application significance in optimizing productivity control determining the production status while stopping blowout and the best time for the gas well to artificial lift, therefore, enhancing the production rate and recovery efficiency.
Key words: gas production engineering; production system nodal point analysis; downhole pressure; mathematic model; calculating program
目 录
第1章 前 言 1
1.1 研究的目的与意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 2
1.3 本文主要工作 3
第2章 天然气在井筒中的流动规律 4
2.1 气体稳定流动能量方程 4
2.2 管内摩阻 6
第3章 气井井底压力计算 9
3.1 气体垂管流动 9
3.2 应用气体稳定流动能量方程计算井底压力常规方法 10
第4章 气井动态曲线 21
4.1 气井流入动态曲线 21
4.2 流出动态曲线和油管动态曲线 22
4.3 纯气井和出水气井动态曲线 23
第5章 气井生产系统分析原理、程序和应用 25
5.1 气井生产系统分析基本概念 25
5.2 气井生产系统分析的基本原理和程序 26
5.3 气井节点分析的运用 27
参考文献 31
结论与建议 32
致 谢 222
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