实验室管理系统数据库设计

实验室管理系统数据库设计
摘 要

 本次毕业设计一项设计类的任务，主要是要设计出能实现实验室信息管理系统的后台数据库。其具体任务是：对数据库系统用户进行需求分析，确定数据库系统的功能需求；利用SQL SERVER 2005数据库管理系统对数据库进行设计和各种关系的定义，并将用户提供的原始数据输入到做好的数据库系统。本论文简单介绍了SQL SERVER的相关资料、并介绍了设计实验室信息管理系统数据库的各个流程的具体操作。全文共分为优个章节，通过对SQL SERVER概述、选题背景和意义、需求分析、数据库设计、数据库详细定义、设计总结各章节的叙述，详细阐明了本数据库的设计目的和过程。
 第一章从SQL的历史、SQL的优点和SQL SERVER的特点三个方面对数据库管理系统（DBMS）进行了简单的介绍；第二章从实验室的现实教学情况出发，通过对人工管理方法和利用实验室信息管理系统的管理方法的比较，阐明了选题的背景和意义；第三章从用户需求分析到数据库的简单分析，为数据库的详细设计奠定了基础；第四章对数据库进行了详细的设计，对数据库对象、数据库关系模式和数据字典进行了详细的设计和说明；第五章罗列了数据库定义的详细SQL语句和各种关系表的关系图；第优章是对本次设计的一些总结和心得体会。

关键词：实验室信息管理系统，数据库管理系统（DBMS），SQL SERVER 2005
 
Abstract

 This Graduation Design is a task of designing, it is to design the database which can achieve the Laboratory Information Management System. The detailed task: Analyze the requirement from the users of the Database System, determine the functional requirement of the System; Use SQL SERVER 2005 Database Management System to design the database we need and define the relationship of the tables, put the primary data from the users into the database which has been designed. This thesis simply introduces the information about SQL SERVER, as well as the specific operation of every procedure of the designing of the Laboratory Information Management System. There are totally six chapters, by describing SQL SERVER introduction, the background and significance of choosing this subject, requirement analysis, database design, database specific define and   knowledge gained, it shows the detailed purpose and procedure of this design.
 Chapter one introduces Database Management System (DBMS) simply from three aspects: the history of SQL, the advantage of SQL and the characteristic of SQL SERVER; Chapter two begins from the actual situation of the laboratory education, compares the manual management with the  management using the Laboratory Information Management System, clarifies the background and the significance of choosing this subject; Chapter three describes the subscriber requirement analysis and the simple analysis for the database, makes the foundation for the database design in detail; Chapter four gives the database design in detail, introduces and designs the database object, database relationship mode and data dictionary; Chapter five lists the detailed SQL programme which define the database as well as the relationship diagram; Chapter six is the conclusion and knowledge gained from this Graduation Design.

Key words: Laboratory Information Management System,  
Database Management System (DBMS), SQL SERVER 2005
 
目 录
摘要 ……………………………………………………………………………   Ⅰ
Abstract ………………………………………………………………………   Ⅱ

第零章 引言  …………………………………………………………………   1

第一章 SQL Server概述 ……………………………………………………   2
1.1 SQL 的历史  …………………………………………………………   2
1.2 SQL 的优点  …………………………………………………………   3
1.3 SQL SERVER的特点  …………………………………………………  4

第二章 选题的背景与意义  …………………………………………………  6

第三章 需求分析  ……………………………………………………………  7
3.1 用户功能需求分析  …………………………………………………  7
3.2 数据库分析    ………………………………………………………  7

第四章 数据库设计  …………………………………………………………  8
4.1 数据库对象  …………………………………………………………  8
4.2 关系模式设计  ………………………………………………………  9
4.3 数据字典  ……………………………………………………………  10

第五章 数据库详细定义  ……………………………………………………  17
5.1 数据表定义  …………………………………………………………  18
5.2 数据库关系图  ………………………………………………………  25

第优章 设计总结  ……………………………………………………………  29
6.1 问题与解决  …………………………………………………………  29
6.2 不足与展望  …………………………………………………………  29

参考文献 ………………………………………………………………………  30
致谢 …………………………………………………………………………… 503

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