本科毕业论文格式四川外语学院
论宗教在地区冲突中的角色
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摘要：二战结束以后，世界范围的战争彻底结束了。战后，世界经济得到迅猛发展，几次工业革命正在不断改变和提高着人们的生活。然而，在看似平静和繁荣的全球背景之下，在各个地区的力量中心依旧战火不断。这引来了学术界的激烈争论，最著名的当属以《文明冲突论》的作者亨廷顿为代表的学派。该派学者认为，冷战结束后，由于对宗教和传统文化的狂热追求和强烈的文化归属感，地区冲突的主要原因已不再是政治，经济，军事或外交，而是以宗教为划分基础的文明之间的冲突。然而笔者认为，事实并非如此。
论文首先从理论的角度分析了各大宗教派别信仰的相似之处，即和平、包容，证明宗教本身共存的可能性。随后作者阐述了伊斯兰教的特征及原教旨主义运动的发展，论述了激进组织和极端分子不应被视为宗教的代表，甚至从某种意义上说，不能被认为是宗教的一部分。最后，本文又通过透彻的案例分析对产生当前各主要地区冲突（如伊朗问题，巴以冲突等）的原因进行分析，说明了军事和经济等因素在地区冲突中所占位置。由此作者得出结论，宗教是地区冲突的原因之一，但并非主要原因。
通过本文的写作，笔者表达了对当前流行的文明冲突派观点的不赞同，希望经过深入的分析和细致的举例，达到证明宗教并非冲突之源的目的。事实是，宗教是我们人类历史的灿烂瑰宝，应与以保护，并不断使之发扬光大。
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关键词：宗教；文明冲突；极端分子；地区冲突根源
On the Role of Religion in Regional Conflicts
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Abstract
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Since the end of the Second World War, the world economy has been greatly developed. However, under the background of global prosperity, regional conflicts and wars are still going on. This leads to the intense controversy among scholars. The most influential party is represented by Samuel P. Huntington, who states his standpoint in his book The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order, published in 1996. These scholars believe after Cold War, politics, or economy is no longer the root of conflicts. Instead, due to the global enthusiasm towards religions and civilizations and the increasing senses of cultural belonging, clash between religion-based civilizations becomes the main cause. But, the author believes on the contrary.
In the first part of the paper, the author theoretically compares the similarities of the faiths of some major religions and then provides evidence to show that extremists cannot be taken as representatives, even part of religions. Then, through case studies, the author explain in detail many other causes involved in some current hot issues and conflicts, proving that religions are part of the causes of regional conflicts, but far from to be a main one.
In this paper, the author expresses her disagreement on the thoughts in Clash of Civilizations and her wish to prove that religions are not the root of today’s conflicts according to detailed examples and cases. Religions, with civilizations divided on the basis of them, are precious parts of our human history. Therefore, the author firmly believes that the task on us is to further develop religions, rather than blame, hate, even diminish them.
Key words: religion; Clash of Civilizations; root; regional conflicts
Acknowledgements
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First and foremost, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to my supervisor, Professor X,Contents
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中文摘要…………………………………………………………………………….i
Abstract………………………………………………………………………………ii
Aknowledgements…………………………………………………………………...iii
Introduction…………………………………………………………………………...1
I. A Brief Review of Functional Equivalence………………………………………...2
A. Definition of Functional Equivalence ……………………………………….3
B. Different Functions…………………………………………………………..4
C. Aims and Targets………………………………………………………….…5
II. A Brief Review of Advertisement Translation from English to Chinese……….…6
A. Targets and Principles of Advertisement Translation………………………..7
B. Requirements for Advertisement Translation………………………………..9
C. Cultural Elements in Advertisement Translation……………………………11
III. Advertisement Translation from English to Chinese in Light of Functional
Equivalence……………………………………………………………………...13
A. The Differences Between Two Languages………………………….………15
B. Functional Equivalence in English Advertisement Translation………….....17
Conclusion……………………………………………………….………..………...19
Notes………………………………………………………………………………...20
Bibliography………………………………………………………………………...24
On Advertisement Translation from English to Chinese in Light of Functional Equivalence
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Introduction
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In our daily life, we always see or hear many advertisements on the radio, billboards, magazines, newspaper and so on. The translation of advertisement plays an important role in the cultural exchanges of different countries. After entering WTO, China has been faced with fiercer competition, so the advertisement has become more and more important for it is always used as the way to promote the sales of goods. The excellent advertisement is not only understandable for everyone, but also has an elegant style. It can easily encourage people to buy the goods. Therefore, a good translation of an advertisement is also important to promote the sales of the goods in the country of the target language.
Most translators may be familiar with the theory of functional equivalence which is systematically illustrated by Eugene A. Nida. It is stated primarily in terms of a comparison of the way in which the original receptors understood and appreciated the text and the way in which receptors of the translated text understand and appreciate the translated text.1 That is to say, the adequacy of translations is judged on the basis of the correspondence in lexicon and grammar between the source and target languages.
Functional equivalence is a powerful weapon for information exchange. The translation work which follows the principles of functional equivalence is much easier to understand.
However, functional equivalence is very abstract to most people. In order to make it clear, this paper chooses advertisement translation to analyze its every aspect. Due to the differences between English and Chinese, the advertisement translation from English to Chinese should be undertaken in different translation techniques with the guidance of functional equivalence.507