3.2 Significance of Social-Cultural Faith Interaction in South China
3.2.1 Reasons Of Long Mu Faith’s Revival
For over the 2000years, the tradition Long Mu is sacrificed has been preserving. The matter is worth thinking deeply about. Hong Wu Emperor's Proclamation said, Long Mu is virtuous to the people, meritorious to the country, which preferably summarized the reasons why Long Mu is admired above all men.
It is true that there exist in Long Mu cultural faith’s development some specific historical reasons that merit our attention. According to rough statistics in De Qing County Chorography, there are 73 great floods, 22 earthquakes, 11 severe droughts, 9 hurricanes and 9 hailstones from 997 A.D. (the 2ed year of the Song Taizong reign of Song Dynasty) to 1983 A.D. (the 18th year of the Guang Xu reign of Qing Dynasty), which are frequently occur in May, and besides, people suffered many plagues and social upheavals, which resulted in that their life became insecure, fragmented and threatened. Facing the disastrous situation, people took everything frailly and helplessly, so they had to search a reliance on the protection of divine Providence and spiritual sustenance. What have been said above are the most fundamental reason of the emergence and development of Long Mu cultural faith.
Since the reform and opening-up, Long Mu cultural faith has had the upsurge of revival. We can find the explanation from Zhuang Kongyun, “Political and social turmoil to cause to lose people’s affection of faith’s Idealism and Political Symbolism, which is because that the shifting ideology and political preachment are become more and more difficult to explain the unsatisfied real world. Since adopting the policy of system of production responsibility, the masses are afraid of the zigs and zags of policy; under the pressure of facing life's vicissitudes, they “firstly respond to possess an ability to use telekinesis as a supernatural ability, and then control the politics and policies steadily and hope that the country is at peace and they go merrily to their work. Therefore, joss sticks are offering in the remained temples stealthily.” The latter five years of the 1980s, farmers have embarked on the road of prosperity gradually, and thus they have made further response of the economic development that “continues to trust the supernatural power, pursue career success, want to be well-heeled and have a flourishing population.”
From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that we can analyze Long Mu cultural faith from three aspects.
The first is psychology. In Xi Ri毕业论文http://www.youerw.comver area, people have suffered many floods. Due to the low productivity, the natural phenomenon have ceased be a mystery to people, who thought dragons can make clouds and bring them rain, even dominate their fortune. Progressively, people made towards Long totem under condition of powerless passive mind-set. Just as the Goddess Matsu of the Sea who is the female patron saint for sea, Long Mu is for Xi River, which reflects the history that people only recognize their mother, but not father during the period of the matriarchal society, and Chinese female character, the sweetness of temper, the purity of mind and the excellence of principles, makes a strong appeal to people.
The second is witchcraft. Wizardry plays a fairly important role in primitive consciousness, so wizard is high on the social scale. People firmly believed that they could pursue good fortune and avoid disaster by entertaining gods through a series of wizard mechanisms. Therefore, we can imagine that witchery fete activities of Long Mu were held frequently and grandly in ancient Xi River area, and later were simplified to the current forms: worship on bended knees, pray silently, etc.
The third is history. Although the Long Mu honorary titles by imperial mandate is not out of inherence demands like the two aspects above, Long Mu is pushed to the height by the deep official oriented consciousness. Under the combined action of the three aspects above, Long Mu cultural faith have been intensified gradually, and have developed to a time-honored and distinctive culture.
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