试样UPCE类似于试样UPC，表现为刚度降低的现象，但是有很大程度上的非弹性刚度降低。第一个卸载分支的强度降低同样大于试样UPC，导致一个更大的能量 耗散能力高于试样UPC。
定义滞回曲线的关键参数
为了以高精度描绘每个负载的滞后曲线，确定了三个关键参数：弹性刚度ke，刚度kp和能量系数a。弹性刚度ke定义为原点和交点之间的斜率滞回曲线与垂直线在全局屈服位移Dy。非弹性刚度kp定义为从交叉点的斜率的滞回曲线与垂直线在全球收益率位移Dy到该装载循环的顶点。能量系数a定义为第一卸载分支的比率强度降低（图4）到初始屈服力。试样UPC和试样UPCE的弹性刚度和非弹性刚度对漂移的实验结果如图5所示。前面的定义参数也如图6所示。能量变化位移系数（位移延性）在随后的描述部分。
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