MSL Mean Sea Level

MTO Material Take Off

OD Outside Diameter

PLEM Pipeline End Manifold

PLET Pipeline End Termination

PLR Pipeline Launcher / Receiver

SMYS Specified Minimum Yield Strength

WT Wall Thickness

Section Two SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

2.1 SUMMARY

The KGP PLEM addressed in this report consists of the following:

• The PLEM structure, which comprises the pipe work, valves, connectors and a removable pig launcher/receiver;

• The PLEM support frame, on which the PLEM structure is supported on the suction can foundation.

The PLEM structure and support frame are shown in the drawings contained in Appendix A.

The design in-place weight for each structure has been established, based on the available data at this time. A contingency of 15% has been included in the structure design weight to account for future design changes, component weight variations and fabrication tolerances (Ref. 5).

The PLEM in-place analysis has addressed the following loads, which have been imposed concurrently:

• Structure’s self weight;

• Environmental loading due to 100yr wave and currents;

• Maximum loads imposed by tie-in jumpers;

• Installation of removable pig launcher/receiver.

The in-place analysis has considered the overall stability of the PLEM Structure on the PLEM support frame. This overall stability has assessed the factor of safety against PLEM overturning and sliding due to the maximum tie-in loads applied to the VCM and environmental loadings.

The in-place analysis has been performed using the Finite Element Analysis (FEA) program ANSYS. All structural members and pipe work have been modelled using I-beams and tubular beams, as shown in Figure 2.1. Other components including the valves, wye, connectors, pipe supports and removable pig launcher/receiver have been modelled as mass elements.

The analysis has checked all structural member stresses for the above loading conditions, with regards to the acceptance limits defined by API RP 2A (Ref 4) and the calculations for members with critical loadings are listed in Appendix D.

The PLEM support frame has been fixed to a 7m diameter suction can top (Ref 3), which has been positioned to coincide with the overall PLEM centre of gravity (excluding the PLR). The PLEM structure is fully supported by the support frame. The loads imposed on the Suction Can top have been defined which will be used as the basis for design of the suction can (by others).

2.2 CONCLUSIONS

2.2.1 Design Submerged Weight

The PLEM structure combined with the support frame design weights are shown below in Table 2.1. These weights are the submerged weight of the structure and includes the PLEM, PLEM support frame and the temporary pig launcher/receiver. These design weights include a contingency factor of 1.15 to account for design modifications, component variations and fabrication tolerances. The centre of gravity for the PLEM Structure as calculated by the In-Place Model is also shown. These weights and CoG has been checked against the structure weight and CoG as defined in the PLEM Structure MTO (Ref.11 ) and have been found to be consistent (Appendix C) 基卡气体管道PLEM结构英文文献和中文翻译(2):http://www.youerw.com/fanyi/lunwen_204117.html