摘要这次毕业设计的主题是框架结构建筑的设计,目标建筑是科大数理楼,一栋集教学、实验、办公于一体的综合楼。在设计过程中首先需要进行建筑设计,建筑设计的核心是符合国家的各类规范,在符合规范的基础上来满足使用功能,最后尽可能地使布局合理。84962
建筑设计之后便是结构设计。结构设计之初需要进行结构布置,以便于估计构件尺寸。在抗震设计中主要采用D值法和底部剪力法求出抗侧刚度和水平地震作用下结构的内力。针对一榀框架,通过对地震作用下结构内力以及竖向荷载作用下结构内力的组合(忽略风荷载),可以得出控制截面的最不利内力。利用组合出来的内力来指导梁柱的截面设计。通过截面设计来求出梁柱截面的配筋。对于楼梯和楼板这类构件需要单独进行设计,根据统计的荷载可以求出这类构件的配筋。
在上部结构设计完成之后,我们还需要对基础进行设计。根据已有的地质资料以及底层柱端的内力情况可以得出基础受力的最不利情况,以此来完成基础的选型以及配筋。
以上便是手算的部分,完成手算的部分还是需要借助于pkpm进行电算,通过比较手算和电算的内力图形以及配筋信息找到误差产生的原因,从而为下一次的设计积累经验。
毕业论文关键词: 框架结构 抗震设计 内力组合 pkpm
Abstract The subject of graduation project is the framework architectural design framework, the goal is building management department of large numbers floor, in a building and teaching, laboratory and office building integrated。 In the design process, first need to be the core of architectural design, architectural design is in line with all kinds of national norms, on the basis of compliant up to apply for the use function, and finally as much as possible to make structured layout。
After the architectural design is the structural design。 At the beginning of the structural design ,it is necessary to consider for structural arrangement, in order to estimate the size member。 In the seismic design mainly uses the D value method and base shear method for determining the lower lateral stiffness and horizontal earthquake structure internal forces。 Pin for a framework, through the earthquake under the Internal Force and Internal Force Vertical Load combinations (without regard to wind loads) can be drawn from the control section of the most unfavorable internal forces。 Use a combination of internal forces out to guide the of the beams cross-sectional design。 Through section design ,we can place steels for beams section。 For stairs and floors of such member requires a separate design, according to statistics of the load can be obtained such reinforcement member。
After the completion the design of the main structure, we also need design foundation。 According to internal forces of the existing situation and the underlying geological data, worst case basis of foundation can be drawn by force, in order to complete the selection and foundation reinforcement。
The above is considered part of the hand, After finishing the part of hand count, comparasion required by means of pkpm computing。 We can find the error by comparing the information of hand calculations computing to the pkpm。It is important for us to improve ourselves,so that for the next design experience 。
Keywords: frame structure seismic design internal force pkpm
绪 论框架结构作为现代建筑的代表一直在建筑结构中有着一席之地,作为传统砖混结构的进化,框架结构彻底改变了力的传递路径,使得墙体不在担任主要受力构件(框剪除外),大大的提高了建筑平面分割布局的灵活性。整体现浇的框架结构有着很好的抗震性能,自5。12地震之后,框架的抗震性能越来越被人们所重视。但框架结构也并不是十全十美,由于结构自身自重较大 ,所以框架结构不宜用在高层建筑之中。而且框架结构的构件自身体积较大,有时候可能会影响局部的使用功能。再加上混凝土的带裂缝工作特性,使得框架结构在防水防潮方面需要采取加强措施,最后就框架结构的耐火性较差,所以在设计之中时刻需要考虑是否满足防火规范。在电影《摩天楼》之中,遭受火灾之后的框架结构内部钢筋大量融化变形,基本丧失承载力以至于整个建筑物发生倒塌。 大学数理楼设计+CAD图纸:http://www.youerw.com/gongcheng/lunwen_101321.html