摘要对流层是造成GPS测量中出现误差的主要原因之一。在测量的时候，当信号穿过对流层的时候，信号会产生折射现象，这种现象会造成数据接收的延时并且会产生路径弯曲。正是这个原因，造成了信号传播出现延迟，也正是这样GPS测量精度出现了误差。72345

GPS定位技术逐渐深入人们的生活，特别是在测量上的应用，更是逐年增多和深入，因此，GPS测量技术也是在不断地发展不断地加深。但是由于社会测量中对精度要求逐年增加，所以，如何提高测量精度并解决这个问题成了目前的首要任务。

本文基于GPS及对流层的相关知识，主要研究分析了在GPS测量中产生的误差来源和这些误差带来的影响。除此之外还介绍了萨斯塔莫宁模型，霍普菲尔德模型，勃兰克模型三个模型。每种模型的计算方法和应用领域都有涉及。除此之外，本文还对这三种对流层误差模型进行了模拟数据的计算，并通过计算对比分析出每种模型的适用情况和各个模型间的不同之处。

毕业论文关键词：对流层模型  GPS数据处理  误差改正  大气折射

Comparison of Several Tropospheric Models

Abstract The troposphere is one of the main causes of error in GPS measurement。 In the measurement, when the signal through the troposphere, the signal will be a reflection of the phenomenon, this phenomenon will cause the delay of the data received and will produce path bending。 It is this reason that caused the signal propagation delay, it is precisely the GPS measurement accuracy of the error。 

GPS positioning technology has gradually penetrated into people's lives, especially in the measurement of the application, it is increasing year by year and in-depth, therefore, GPS measurement technology is constantly evolving to deepen。 However, due to the increasing accuracy of the social survey, so how to improve the accuracy of measurement and to solve this problem has become the most important task。 

In this paper, based on the relevant knowledge of GPS and troposphere, the main research and analysis of the error sources and the impact of these errors in the GPS measurement。 In addition, this paper also introduces the Sa Star Mourning model, Hupfeld model, Pollack model three models。 Each model has its computational methods and application fields。 In addition, this paper also simulates the data of the three tropospheric error models, and analyzes the applicability of each model and the difference between the models。

Key Words: Troposphere Model  GPS Data Processing  Error Correction   Atmospheric Refraction

目  录

摘  要 I

Abstract II

目  录 III

1 绪论 1

1。1 引言 1

1。2研究背景和意义 2

1。3国内外研究现状 2

2 几种常用对流层模型算法 3

2。1霍普菲尔德（Hopfield）模型 3

2。2 萨斯塔莫宁（Saastamoinen）模型 5

2。3勃兰克(Black)模型 6

3 不同模型误差改正计算结果对比分析 7

3。1三种模型数据计算比较 7

4 结论与展望 8

参考文献 10

致谢 11