摘要锌镍单液流电池作为一种新型的化学储能体系，其具有可大规模储能、不需要隔 膜、制造成本低、电池可刷新维护循环寿命长等特点，具有很高的研究价值。为了更 好的研究锌镍单液流电池的特性，需要对其建模，分析它的电压特性。84817

本文首先介绍了锌镍单液流电池的工作原理。接着分析了影响电池性能的因素， 为后面建模所要考虑到的问题做铺垫。然后考虑到该电池的工作特性，用电容等效电 池工作时开路电压变化；用电阻等效电池欧姆内阻；用 RC 并联电路等效极化电压的 变化；用电压源等效电池开路电压，建立了 PNGV（其全称是 The Partnership for a New Generation of Vehicles）等效电路模型，分别推导出放电过程、搁置阶段端电压与时 间的数学关系。之后进行脉冲放电实验获取实验数据。最后在 MATLAB 上进行参数 辨识、拟合得出模型的放电曲线，较之与实验曲线比较，验证所建模型的准确性。

结果表明：

1）与连续放电相比，间歇放电能提高电池放电量；

2）大电流放电虽然放电速度快，但容量效率低；

3）从实验误差上看，用 PNGV 等效模型电路来研究锌镍单液流电池的储能系统 是科学的。

毕业论文关键词：储能系统；锌镍单液流电池；PNGV 模型

Abstract Zinc-nickel single flow battery as a new type of chemical energy storage system, which has a large scale energy storage, no diaphragm, the battery can refresh maintain long cycle life characteristics, with high research value。 In order to better study the characteristics of Zinc-nickel single flow battery, need for modeling and analysis its the voltage characteristics。

This paper firstly introduces the working principle of the Zinc-nickel single flow battery。 Then analyzes the factors that affect the performance of the battery, which is the foundation of the problems to be considered in the modeling。 Then take into account the operating characteristics of the battery, battery capacitors equivalent the open circuit voltage change; resistance instead of the battery ohmic resistance; RC parallel circuit equivalent the polarization voltage variations; voltage source equivalent battery  open circuit voltage, establish the PNGV equivalent circuit model, so we can derive the mathematical relationship between the discharge process and the time, as well the relationship between hold stage voltage both time。 After that , pulse discharge experiment to obtain experimental data。 Finally, identify parameter and fitting  obtained discharge curve model by MATLAB, compared with the experimental curve, verify the accuracy of the model。

The results show:

1)Compared with continuous discharge, batch discharge can improve discharge capacity of the battery;

2)High current discharge is fast, but the capacity is low;

3)From the point of view of experimental error, using PNGV equivalent circuit model to study the Zinc-nickel single flow battery energy storage system is scientific。

Key words: Energy storage system; Zinc-nickel single flow battery; PNGV model

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 研究背景及意义 1

1。2 国内外液流电池研究现状 1

1。2。1 国外液流电池研究现状 1

1。2。2 国内液流电池研究现状 2

1。3 电池建模的主要方法和研究现状 3

1。4 MATLAB 软件 4

1。5 论文主要内容 5