摘要：随着城市化进程的不断推进和经济的快速发展，工业尤其是以制造业为主的重工业得到了飞速发展。这些人类活动在推动社会不断发展的同时，也在很多城市造成了土壤重金属的污染。土壤重金属污染是造成土壤环境破坏的重要因素，并直接或间接地危害人类健康。本研究以上海市奉城经济园区为例，采取了39个采样点的表层土壤样品和8个采样点的深层土壤样品，对土壤中的重金属镉(Cd)、铅(Pb)、铬(Cr)、砷(As)、锌(Zn)、铜(Cu)和镍(Ni)进行了测定分析，并采用单因子污染指数法与内梅罗综合污染指数法的方法对测量结果进行分析，依据《土壤环境质量标准》对其污染状况进行研究及评价。结果表明，研究区域表层土壤中主要受到锌(Zn)的污染，其中工业区还收到了铜(Cu)的污染。根据内梅罗综合评价指数可知三个区域中工业区污染程度最高，市场区污染程度最低。根据研究区域土壤主要的重金属污染，提出了相应的修复对策。20174
关键词：土壤；重金属污染；评价；修复
Research on present situation of soil heavy metal pollution and restoration in some areas of Fengxian District
Abstract：With the advancement of urbanization and rapid development of economy, industry, especially in the heavy industry has been rapid development. These human activities in promoting the social development at the same time, also caused the soil heavy metal pollution in many cities. Soil heavy metal pollution is one of the important factors for soil environmental damage and it directly or indirectly does harm to people's health. This study make Fengcheng economic park in Shanghai as an example, adopted 39 sample point of surface soil samples and 8 samples of deep soil sampling points, the soil heavy metal cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb), chromium (Cr), arsenic (As), zinc (zinc), copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) were determined by analysis, and the measurement results were analyzed by the single factor pollution index method and nemerow composite pollution index method,according to the method of soil environmental quality standards for its pollution condition for the research and evaluation. The results show that the the surface soil in study area is mainly polluted by zinc (zinc), and industrial zone also received pollution of copper (Cu). According to nemerow composite pollution index method shows that in three areas the pollution degree of industrial area is the highest, the pollution degree of market area is lowest. According to soil heavy metal pollution of main research area, put forward the corresponding repair measures.
KeyWords：soil；heavy metal pollution；evaluation； repair
目录
1前言 1
1.1国内外研究现状 1
1.1.1国内土壤重金属污染状况和区域研究现状 1
1.1.2国外土壤重金属研究现状 3
1.2郊区土壤重金属测定的意义 4
1.3研究内容与技术路线 5
1.3.1论文研究内容 5
1.3.2研究方法与技术路线 5
2土壤重金属污染的来源与危害 6
2.1土壤重金属污染的来源 6
2.2郊区土壤重金属污染的危害 7
3数据测定与分析 8
3.1样品的采集 8
3.1.1研究区域的选择与确定 8
3.1.2采样点的布置 9
3.2土壤中重金属元素的测试 9
3.3结果分析 10
3.3.1测量数据 11
3.3.2土壤重金属含量分析 12
3.3.3土壤重金属污染评价 15
3.4土壤表层与深层重金属含量比较 20
4郊区土壤重金属污染的防治对策 22
4.1研究区域短期治理 22
4.2土壤重金属污染的修复技术 22
4.3土壤重金属污染的防治对策 23
5结论 25
致谢26
参考文献27
1  前言
1.1 国内外研究现状
人类生活在地球上，无时无刻不与土壤发生着紧密的关系，“土壤”一词在世界上每个民族的语言中均可以找到，就好比没有水就没有生命一样，若没有土壤也不会有人类的生存基础，因而土壤环境的保护与我们人类的生存和繁衍密不可分。在当前情况下，我国土壤研究工作者与世界同行相比，则更加深切地体会到了土壤环境保护的重要性，由于我国人民生活质量不断提高，对有机食品、绿色食品、无污染食品的需求大大增加；对我们的居住环境也倍加关注；所有这些，无不与土壤环境质量相关。这就给土壤环境研究工作者带来了良好的发展时机，同时亦倍感这份使命的重大。 奉贤部分地区土壤重金属污染现状及修复研究:http://www.youerw.com/huaxue/lunwen_11848.html