摘要本论文首先通过无规共聚的方法制备出聚醚砜聚合物,然后通过傅-克烷基化反应引入氯甲基基团,将TiO2纳米管与氯甲基化聚合物按一定比例利用球磨法混溶后浇膜,再经过季铵化以及碱化处理制备了一系列不同掺杂比例的TiO2纳米管掺杂型聚醚砜阴离子交换膜并考察了它们的基本性能。研究表明,适量TiO2纳米管的加入能够在提高膜离子传导率的同时有效抑制膜的溶胀,提高膜的尺寸稳定性和机械性能。例如掺杂2%TiO2纳米管的rQPES-TNT-2掺杂型阴离子交换膜的离子传导率在90℃时达到79.5 mS cm-1,而未掺杂的rQPES膜的离子传导率为74.7 mS cm-1,rQPES-TNT-2膜在60oC时平面方向及厚度方向的尺寸变化率均为0.2,而rQPES膜的尺寸变化分别为0.26和0.27。这表明纳米材料掺杂改性是制备高性能阴离子交换膜一种非常有效的方式。21109
关键词 聚醚砜 阴离子交换膜 掺杂 TiO2纳米管 离子传导率
毕业设计说明书(论文)外文摘要
Title Preparation and properties of quaternary ammonium poly(ether sulfone) / TiO2 nanotube composite anion exchange membranes
Abstract
A series of composite anion exchange membranes based on quaternary ammonium poly(ether sulfone)s and TiO2 nanotubes were prepared. First, the poly(ether sulfone)s copolymers were synthesized by random polymerization, then chloromethylated by Freidel-Crafts chloromethylation reaction. Secondly, the chloromethylated copolymers and TiO2 nanotubes with different weight ratios were solution blended through ball milling and cast into membranes. Finally, the composite anion exchange membranes were obtained by quaternization and alkalization and their fundamental properties were investigated. The result indicated that appropriate addition of TiO2 nanotubes could improve the hydroxide ion conductivity and suppress the membrane swelling effectively at the same time, and enhance the dimensional stability and mechanical properties. For example, the membrane of rQPES-TNT-2 with addition of 2% TiO2 nanotubes showed hydroxide ion conductivity of 79.5 mS cm-1 at 90 oC, while the value was 74.4 mS cm-1 for the pristine rQPES membrane. The size changes in the in-plane and through-plane direction for the membrane of rQPES-TNT-2 were both 0.2 at 60 oC, while 0.26 and 0.27 for the pristine rQPES membrane, respectively. It suggests that the nanomaterial composite modification is an effective way to prepare high performance anion exchange membranes materials.
Keywords poly(ether sulfone) anion exchange membrane composite TiO2 nanotube ion conductivity
目 次
1 绪论 1
1.1 燃料电池 1
1.2 碱性阴离子交换膜燃料电池 1
1.3 阴离子交换膜 2
1.4 本研究的研究意义及主要内容 6
2 实验材料及实验方法 7
2.1 实验设备及实验原料 7
2.2 表征方法 9
2.3 聚合物的合成及膜的制备 11
3 结果与讨论 13
3.1 聚合物的表征 13
3.2 红外光谱分析 13
3.3 膜形态观察 14
3.4 膜的物理性能表征 15
3.5 吸水率 16
3.6 尺寸变化 17
3.7 离子传导率 18
3.8 膜水解稳定性 19
3.9 膜的机械强度 19
结 论 21
致 谢 22
参考文献 23
1 绪论
在日益发展的当今社会,能源在世界产业格局中所扮演的角色愈加重要。传统能源已经不能满足产业经济的可持续发展。近几十年来,人口的爆炸式增加,产业经济的飞速发展,化石等不可再生能源的有限性以及传统能源使用产生的巨大的环境问题,都昭示着一种新型的清洁可再生能源开发和兴起的重要性和迫切性。然而在众多的新型能源开发过程中,寻求一种具有高效转化率、绿色环保的能源尤为迫切。因此,燃料电池作为一种清洁、低能耗、高效率、便捷式能源受到了广泛的关注。 掺杂型阴离子交换膜的制备及性能研究:http://www.youerw.com/huaxue/lunwen_13181.html