摘要：阿文菌素是当前市面上防治稻纵卷叶螟等农作物主要病虫害的用量最大的一种生物源农药，在国内外都具有广泛的应用。本文通过实验建立了一种土壤样品中阿文菌素的前处理方法和仪器分析方法，并对其在土壤中的降解行为进行研究。其中前处理方法中采用丙酮对土壤在震荡条件下萃取土壤中残留的阿文菌素。仪器分析方法采用Waters Alliance高效液相色谱建立方法，选择色谱柱使用XBridgeTM C18色谱柱（4.6mm×250mm，5μm），采用等度洗脱，甲醇：水为流动相，采用紫外检测器在245nm波长对阿文菌素含量进行测定。实验结果表明，该方法阿文菌素的最低检出限为0.016mg/L，在0.016mg/L-323.3mg/L之间具有较好的线性关系，线性方程为：Y=35170X+，R2=0.9999。在加标浓度为0.1-10mg/kg时，回收率为88.05%~99.97%，标准偏差为0.52%~6.39%。实验发现阿文菌素的降解半衰期为5.7d。本方法的准确性及灵敏度均能达到农药残留分析的要求，且实验所需的设备仪器较简单，分析费用较低。5310
关键词：阿文菌素；高效液相色谱法；残留；土壤
Study on the Residue Detection and Degradation of Abamectin in Agricultural Soil
ABSTRACT: Abamectin is the most commonly used Biological pesticides on prevention and cure of main pests and diseases of crops, such as rice leaf roller disease. It has been widely used in China and other countries. This study established a method of pre-treatment and instrumental analysis of abamectin through the experiments, and discussed its degradation in soil. Acetone was used to extract the residue of abamectin in soil under the condition of oscillation. Established Waters Alliance HPLC as the method of instrumental analysis, choosing XBridgeTM C18 column(4.6mm×250mm，5μm) as the column. Used the way of constant current elution, and the methanol:water as the mobile phase. UV detector was chosen for determining the content of abamectin at the wavelength of 245nm. The result indicated that the lowest detection limit of abamectin in the soil sample was 0.016mg/L, and the method had a good linearity with peak area within 0.016mg/L-323.3mg/L. The linear regression equation was Y=35170X+, and its correlation coefficient was 0.9999. The Recoveries were 88.05% to 99.97% when the concentration of the abamectin standard ranged from 0.1 to 10mg/kg, and the coefficients of variation were 0.52% to 6.39%. The degradation half-life of abamectin was 5.7d. The data showed that the method met the demands of pesticide residue analysis.
Key words: abamectin; HPLC; residue; soil
目录
第一章 绪论部分 - 1 -
1.1 阿文菌素简介 - 1 -
1.1.1 阿文菌素的制备方法 - 1 -
1.1.2 阿文菌素的作用方式及特点 - 2 -
1.2 阿文菌素的分析方法 - 2 -
1.2.1 固相萃取-高效液相色谱法 - 2 -
1.2.2 柱前衍生-高效液相色谱法 - 2 -
1.2.3 超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法 - 3 -
1.2.4 反相高效液相色谱法 - 3 -
1.2.5 高效液相色谱-荧光检测法（HPLC-FLD） - 3 -
1.2.6 高效液相色谱-紫外检测法（HPLC-UV） - 4 -
1.2.7 一阶导数光谱法 - 4 -
1.2.8 酶联免疫法（ELISA） - 4 -
1.3 阿文菌素目前在各环境中的残留情况 - 5 -
1.3.1 阿文菌素在水样品中的残留 - 5 -
1.3.2 阿文菌素在植物样品中的残留 - 6 -
1.3.3 阿文菌素在土壤样品中的残留 - 6 -
1.3.4 阿文菌素在动物粪便样品中的残留 - 7 -
1.4 阿文菌素在环境中的降解情况 - 7 - 阿维菌素在农田土壤中的残留和降解特性研究:http://www.youerw.com/huaxue/lunwen_2293.html