摘要：在科技发展的新时代，环境保护成了大家热议的话题，大家越来越注重环境保护，所以我们实行绿色化学是非常有必要的。一氯代苯乙酮类化合物是重要的有机合成中间体，它受到了许多的关注。虽然现在有许多合成此类化合物的方法，但是这些方法都有些缺点，不仅反应速度比较慢，而且反应试剂有些是有毒性的物质，所以不符合绿色化学的理念。30584
本研究以甲醇为溶剂,以低毒、价格便宜的强氧化剂三氯异氰尿酸(TCCA)为氯代试剂,以硫酸镁粉末为催化剂，发展了在加热回流，匀速搅拌下的氯代反应。调整了苯乙酮与TCCA之间的比例，优化反应催化剂、反应溶剂的条件下，尝试在此基础上研究出绿色、高效、快速的氯代化合物合成路线，且尽量多的得到具有高选择性的氯代物。实验得出最优反应条件：当苯乙酮为10 mmol、TCCA的量为3.50 mmol、催化剂MgSO4的量为3.50 mmol，溶剂甲醇的量为10 mL时，一氯代产物的产率达到最大值，为96.8%。在最优反应条件下，对于部分苯乙酮类化合物和含有强供电子基的芳香类化合物的一氯代反应，也取得了良好的反应效果，一氯代产物产率为83.3~97.9%。该反应体系低毒、温和、廉价，比较接近绿色化学的要求。
毕业论文关键词：氯代反应；副反应；三氯异氰尿酸；一氯代苯乙酮类化合物；绿色化学
A chlorination mechanism of block-based research
Abstract:In the new era of technological development, environmental protection has become a hot topic.There is growing emphasis on environmental protection, so we implement green chemistry is very necessary.A chlorinated acetophenone compound is very important organic synthesis intermediates, so we pay a lot of attention on it. Although there are many methods of synthesis of such compounds, but there are some shortcomings on these methods.Not only the reaction speed is relatively slow, and some reagents are toxic substances, it is not in line with the concept of green chemistry.
In this study,this chemical reactionin is on the development of heating in reflux system, under constant agitation of chlorination.using methanol as solvent, with low toxicity, inexpensive strong oxidant TCCA (TCCA) as chlorinated reagent ,using magnesium sulfate powder as a catalyst, developeing in heated to reflux under constant agitation chlorination.Adjusting the ratio between TCCA and Acetophenone, and optimizing the catalyst and the reaction solvent, trying to work out on the basis of green, efficient, fast chlorinated compound synthesis route, and get as much as possible with high selectivity Chlorides.Experimental results the optimum reaction conditions: When acetophenone was 10 mmol, the amount of TCCA was 3.50 mmol, a catalytic amount of MgSO4 was 3.50 mmol, the amount of solvent such as methanol to 10 mL, the yield of a chlorinated product reached a maximum of 96.8%.Under the optimal reaction conditions, for some acetophenone and a chlorination of aromatic compounds containing strong electron-donating, but also made a good response effect, a chlorinated product in a yield of 83.3 ~ 97.9%.This reaction was low toxicity, moderate, low-cost, relatively close to the green chemistry requirements.
Key words: chlorination ; side reactions; TCCA; chlorinated acetophenones ; green chemistry
目 录
1 绪论 1
1.1有机合成中的副反应 1
1.1.1 合成设计优化方案 2
1.1.1.1 石松碱 2
1.1.1.2 莽草酸 2
1.1.2 碳负离子的稳定性 3
1.1.2.1氧化反应 3
1.1.2.2重排反应 4
1.2氯化物作为有机合成中间体的重要性 5
1.2.1 绿色化学 5
1.2.1.1 绿色化学的概要 5 基于阻断机理的一氯代反应研究:http://www.youerw.com/huaxue/lunwen_26375.html