水热法硫化镉CdS纳米粒子的合成及表征

摘要本文采用水热法来制备硫化镉纳米粒子，研究其制备条件和物质性能。通过改变硫源和镉源浓度比、水热反应时间、水热反应温度和溶液pH值等因素，利用扫描电镜（SEM）对各种条件下得到的纳米粒子进行表征，研究影响纳米粒子粒径的因素。在确定较优反应条件后，添加表面活性剂十优尔烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）制备纳米粒子进行对比，研究表面活性剂对纳米粒子形貌、晶型结构粒径的影响。将所得到的纳米粒子进行粉末X射线衍射实验（XRD）和红外吸收光谱（IR）分析材料成分；荧光光谱（PL）分析硫化镉纳米粒子的荧光性能。33998
在反应条件为镉源和硫源摩尔比为1:1、溶液pH值在10~11左右、反应温度120℃、反应时间10h时，所制得的粒子粒径较小，但发生了团聚现象，通过荧光光谱发现纳米粒子的荧光性能良好；添加CTAB制得的纳米粒子使粒子团聚大大降低，增加了粒子间的分散性，但同时也抑制了纳米粒子的荧光性能。
关键词硫化镉纳米粒子水热法 CTAB 荧光性能
毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要
Title Synthesis of CdS nanoparticles
Abstract In this paper, hydrothermal method was used to prepare the CdS nanoparticles. The preparation conditions and material properties were investigated. By changing the preparation conditions such as the molar ratio of cadmium and sulfur source, the hydrothermal reaction time and temperature, pH value of solution, etc, the resultant nanoparticles were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The effects that affect the size of nanoparticles were analyzed. After determining the best reaction condition, cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide(CTAB) was added to prepare the CdS nanoparticles. The effects of surfactant on nanoparticle's morphology, structure and size were studied. The X-ray diffraction(XRD) and infrared absorption spectroscopy(IR) were used to analyze the material composition of the resultant nanoparticles. The fluorescence properties of CdS nanoparticles was measured by fluorescence spectroscopy (PL).
The smallest nanoparticles obtained under the condition of molar ratio 1:1, solution pH value about 10 to 11, and the reaction temperature 120℃, reaction time 10h. But agglomeration occurs while they have a good fluorescence properties. The addition of CTAB greatly reduced the agglomeration, increased the dispersion between nanoparticles. But it inhibits the fluorescence properties of the nanoparticles.
Keywords CdS Nanoparticles Hydrothermal method CTAB Fluorescence properties
目   次
1 引言   1
1.1   纳米粒子半导体材料的性质   1
1.2 CdS纳米粒子   2
1.3 纳米粒子的制备方法   3
1.3.1 水热法   3
1.3.2 微波法   3
1.3.3 化学共沉淀法   4
1.3.4 单一表面活性剂体系法   4
1.3.5 模板法   4
1.3.6 其他方法合成纳米粒子   4
1.4 纳米粒子的应用和发展前景   4
1.5 本文的研究思路及内容   6
2.1 实验部分   7
2.1.1 实验药品与仪器   7
2.1.2 实验原理   8
2.1.3实验操作步骤   8
2.2 实验结果与讨论   9
2.2.1 扫描电子显微镜（SEM）   9
2.2.2 X射线衍射技术（XRD）   12
2.2.3 荧光光谱分析（PL）   14
2.3 本章小结   15 水热法硫化镉CdS纳米粒子的合成及表征:http://www.youerw.com/huaxue/lunwen_31350.html