设计说明结晶是指固体物质以晶体状态从溶液、蒸汽或熔融物性中析出的过程。工业上制取过硫酸盐的过程就属于结晶过程。目前国内生产过硫酸盐的工艺都是间歇结晶，且依靠经验控制结晶的温度，这种控制对产品质量有很大影响。研究过硫酸盐的参数对冷冻结晶工艺优化有很大的指导作用，且对过硫酸盐的生产具有重要的意义。35153
研究了过硫酸铵的冷冻结晶过程，且分析了影响过硫酸铵冷冻结晶的因素，其中主要的因素包括搅拌形式、杂质、温度和PH值等。搅拌形式包括径向流、切向流、轴向流搅拌，对于过硫酸铵结晶最优的搅拌形式是径向流搅拌，实践证明，搅拌速率控制在60r/m～120r/m之间；杂质主要来源于工艺流程、硫酸质量、用水质量和设备的防腐质量，因此，必须在工艺、设备等方面采取有效措施，从根源上减小杂质的进入；温度对过硫酸铵结晶的介稳区有很大的影响，所以对过硫酸铵母液的温度高低有很大要求，根据上海天坛助剂有限公司提供的数据表明，母液温度一般稳定在30～35℃范围内，流出的过硫酸铵溶液温度在0℃～-4℃，对生产大颗粒结晶最为适宜；母液酸度对过硫酸铵结晶的影响主要表现在两个方面：一是酸度的高低对结晶形状的影响，二是酸度的频繁变动破坏了结晶的正常生长条件，过硫酸铵的溶液是弱酸性溶液，其pH值在6.7～7之间，为避免上述情况，所以在调节过硫酸铵溶液PH值的时候不能太偏离这个范围。
产品质量的优良与否，对化工企业的发展有着重大的意义。本文还研究了影响过硫酸铵产品质量的因素，其中包括过硫酸铵的原材料的管理、中间品的检测、成品的管理与检测、检测仪器的管理、生产工艺与质量检测标准的制定等。
本课题是以过硫酸铵为研究物系。通过对过硫酸铵冷冻结晶釜的运算，主要设备的工艺计算-物料衡算、传热计算、设备的结构的设计计算。由计算得知，原料液中的溶剂量为9917kg/h；进料流量为10779kg/h，总传热系数为282.84 ，传热面积为44.43 ，传热量为 ，换热量大，所以采用内盘管方式换热；结晶器的直径为4  ，高度为10.10 ，容积为127 。
根据以上对过硫酸铵结晶的研究，得到了影响过硫酸铵结晶的重要影响因素，初步计算了过硫酸铵结晶的工艺和设备，为过硫酸铵的冷冻结晶工艺的优化提供了参考。
因本次设计是依据上海天坛助剂有限公司提供的数据进行的，且上海天坛助剂有限公司过硫酸盐项目主要生产过硫酸铵、过硫酸钾、过硫酸钠，所以本次课题主要针对过硫酸铵进行研究讨论。
毕业论文关键词：过硫酸铵；结晶；冷冻设备；结晶器
Persulfate production optimization and product quality freeze crystallization process conditions Control
Design Information  
   It refers to a crystalline solid material precipitated from the solution a crystalline state, or melt of the steam process.Preparation persulfate industrial process belongs to the crystallization process.The current domestic production of persulfate crystallization processes are intermittent and depends on the temperature controlled crystal experience, this control has a great impact on product quality.Parameters studied sulfate crystallization process optimization frozen by a great guide, and the production of persulfate has important significance.
    Research on the freeze crystallization process of ammonium persulfate and ammonium persulfate analyze the factors affecting the frozen crystals, which form the main factors include stirring, impurities, temperature and PH value.Stirring the form of radial flow, cut stirring to flow, axial flow, for optimal mixing ammonium persulfate crystal form is a radial flow stirred proved stirring speed controlled at 60r / m-120r / m;Impurities mainly from process, quality sulfuric acid, corrosion of water quality and the quality of equipment, and therefore, we must take effective measures in terms of technology, equipment, etc., to reduce the invasion of impurities from the source;Temperature has a great influence on the crystallization of ammonium persulfate metastable zone, so the mother liquor of ammonium persulfate are very high and low temperature requirements, according to data provided by the Shanghai Tiantan Auxiliaries Co., Ltd. showed that the liquor temperature is generally stable at 30～35 within ℃, effluent ammonium persulfate solution temperature at 0 ℃ ～ -4 ℃, for the production of large crystalline particles is most appropriate;Effect of acidity on the mother liquor of ammonium persulfate crystals mainly in two aspects: First, the impact of the level of acidity of the crystalline shape, and second, the frequent changes in acidity destroys the normal crystal growth conditions, ammonium persulfate solution is a weak acid solution , a pH between 6.7 to 7, in order to avoid the above situation, so adjusting the PH value of the solution of ammonium persulfate time can not deviate from this range too. 过硫酸盐生产中冷冻结晶工艺条件的优化和产品质量控制研究+CAD图纸:http://www.youerw.com/huaxue/lunwen_32974.html