摘要聚氯乙烯(Poly Vinyl Chloride,简称 PVC)是一种热塑性合成树脂,有优良的电绝缘性,难以自燃,具有良好的可塑性。主要用于生产透明薄膜、塑料管件、各类板材等。在其他领域也有着非常广泛的应用。35590
根据设计任务书,本设计进行了年产40万吨聚氯乙烯工艺的设计。在查阅、参考相关文献基础上,对聚氯乙烯生产工艺进行了科学的设计,设计了合适的配方并进行了相关物料衡算和能量衡算,对厂房、车间进行了布置,考虑了三废的处理。
本设计为年产40万吨聚氯乙烯车间工艺设计,设计采用悬浮聚合工艺生产,反应机理是:单体以小液滴状悬浮在水中的聚合方法。先将去离子水加入聚合釜内,在搅拌下继续加入分散剂水溶液和其他聚合助剂,再加入引发剂,将上面的入孔盖密闭,接着充入氮气检查是否漏压,进而将其抽真空,最后加入VCM;在反应阶段将釜温升至预定温度进行聚合并加入终止剂。反应结束后,需要回收未反应单体。影响聚合及产品质量的因素主要有温度、压力、配料、搅拌形式等。
根据计算,可连续班次生产,安排每日三班次,每班8小时的生产强度,设计可达到日产1100吨年产达40万吨的聚氯乙烯生产车间。厂房的选址根据自然地理特征,运输条件,水源和动力供应条件、建筑施工条件以及工人住宅条件等原则进行优选。长方形车间便于作全厂总平面布置,节约用地,方便设备排列,有较多墙面提供给自然采光和通风设计使用。本设计也充分考虑到工作人员的工作环境以及工作安全性,尽可能将车间规划为安全的,绿色的。在生产过程中,在工作人员遵守车间操作规程的情况下,要求生产人员严格遵守操作规程,并经常参加安全知识相关培训,了解相关信息,工作更加安全高效。在环保方面,对废水和噪音的排放进行了严格的要求。
根据设计任务书的任务,本人顺利完成对聚氯乙烯聚合工段工艺设计。在整个设计过程中,对聚氯乙烯生产流程以及其应用有了较全面的认识,这为今后从事相关工作打下基础。
许春华副教授在整个设计过程中提出了许多宝贵指导意见,使得设计能更高效地完成,在此表示衷心感谢。鉴于知识和实际经验所限,设计难免存在欠缺,恳请批阅老师批评指正。
毕业论文关键词: 聚氯乙烯;悬浮聚合;工艺计算
Design illustration
PVC (Poly real Vinyl Chloride, PVC) is a kind of thermoplastic resin, has excellent electrical insulation, it is difficult to spontaneous combustion, has good plasticity.Mainly for the production of transparent film, plastic pipe fittings, all kinds of plates, etc.Also has a very wide application in other areas.
According to the design specification, the design for the design of the annual output of 400000 tons of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) process.On the basis, reference related literature review, the design of the production technology of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) science, design the appropriate formula and the related material balance and energy balance, on the workshop, workshop layout, consider the "three wastes" treatment.
This design for the annual output of 400000 tons of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) workshop process design, the design adopts suspension polymerization process, the reaction mechanism is: monomer for polymerization methods of small droplets suspended in the water.First adding deionized water within the polymerizer, dispersant aqueous solution under stirring added and other polymer additives, and then add the initiator, the above manhole cover closed, then check whether leakage pressure, filling the nitrogen, in turn, the vacuum, add VCM;In phase reaction kettle temperature rise to predetermined temperature for polymerization and join the termination of the agent.After the reaction, need recovery not reaction monomer.The influencing factors of polymerization and product quality are mainly temperature, pressure, ingredients, mixing forms, etc. 年产40万吨聚氯乙烯车间工艺设计:http://www.youerw.com/huaxue/lunwen_33619.html