摘要氧化剂高氯酸铵（AP）是固体推进剂主要成份之一，其粒度大小对推进剂燃速影响较大，有研究表明：超细高氯酸铵（UFAP）能大幅提高推进剂燃速。然而，超细高氯酸铵（UFAP）容易吸潮而产生团聚结块的问题，严重影响了使用效果。 63847
本文分析了UFAP团聚结块机理，以及静电防护问题。使用十八烷胺对高氯酸铵进行了包覆以及加入炭黑分散高氯酸铵，再对其进行气流粉碎，制备了改性超细AP粉体。采用激光粒度仪、扫描电镜、热分析仪（DSC）及红外光谱仪对改性超细AP粉体性能进行了检测分析。
试验结果表明：采用上述工艺方法制备的改性UFAP粉体吸湿性大幅降低，粒度D50≤7µm。放置20天后，经粒度仪及电镜检测UFAP粉体，粒度无明显变化，无团聚结块现象，分散性好。分析结果表明，十八烷胺包覆的超细高氯酸铵样品有很好的防聚结功能，但同时也降低了其热分解性能；而炭黑改性的超细高氯酸铵样品不仅有很好的防聚结功能，而且有较好的热分解性能。
毕业论文关键词：AP；十八烷胺；表面包覆；炭黑；分散性；热分解性能
Abstract AP(ammonium perchlorate) is one of the propellant main components and its particle size has a big influence on the burning rate of the propellant. The UFAP can increase the burning rate of the propellant highly. But, the ultrafine ammonium perchlorate (UFAP) easy to absorb moisture, this can result reunion and agglomeration and seriously affect the use of effects.
This paper analyzed the reasons of reunion and agglomeration, and it’s electrostatic protection. In this paper, AP was coated with Octadecyl Amine, or use Carbon Black disperse AP, and then smash this mixture to obtain the UFAP. The analysis and performance testing of the samples were described by particle size analyzer、SEM、DSC and FTIR.
Experimental results show that: it’s great to prevent UFAP absorb moisture，D50≤7µm. 20 days later, the products remains good: there is no significant change in particle size、 no agglomeration agglomeration and good dispersion.At the same time, the analysis shows that, the Carbon Black differ from Octadecyl Amine, those products don’t affect the use of performance. It has great thermal decomposition performance.
Key words: AP; Octadecyl Amine; Surface coating; Carbon Black; Dispersity; Thermal decomposition properties
摘 要 I
Abstract II
1 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2.1 超低温结晶法 3
1.2.2 振动球磨法 4
1.2.3 气流粉碎法 5
1.2.4 喷雾干燥法 5
1.2.5 超临界流体法 5
1.3 UFAP的改性技术研究现状 6
1.3.2 沉积法 7
1.3.3 超临界流体法 8
2 UFAP的制备原理 8
2.1 UFAP制备设备及其原理 8
2.2 氧化剂AP的粉碎 9
2.2.1 氧化剂AP粉碎原理 9
2.2.2 粉碎的工艺条件对氧化剂AP产品粒度的影响 超细高氯酸铵防聚结技术研究:http://www.youerw.com/huaxue/lunwen_70641.html