摘要:湿式氧化技术是在高温、高压下处理高浓度、有毒、有害、生物难降解有机污染物的一种有效的高级氧化技术. 是从50年代发展起来的一种适用于处理高浓度、有毒、有害、生物难降解废水的高级氧化技术. 它是在高温( 125 ~ 320 ℃ ) 和高压( 0. 5 ~20 MPa) 下, 以氧气为氧化剂, 将有机污染物氧化分解为二氧化碳和水等无机物或小分子有机物的化学过程.
进入20 世纪, 随着石油、化工和制药等工业的飞速发展, 进入水体的化工合成物质的数量和种类急剧增加. 其中有许多是高浓度、有毒、有害的工业废水; 这些废水采用传统的生物处理工艺降解效率很低, 有时甚至无法运行 , 因此传统的生物处理工艺受到了巨大的挑战.10471
改革开放以来,我国工业不断迅速发展,同时,产生的工业废水的数量和种类急剧增加,这些有机废水水质成分较为复杂,其中有毒有害难降解有机废水对环境的污染极为严重,已引起政府、企业和其他环境工作者的高度重视。
这些含有大量难生物降解的工业废水的排放而进入污水处理厂,导致目前主要的生化反应难以有效进行,进而导致污水处理厂难以稳定达标运行。部分地区的污水处理厂尽管采取了一些强化措施使得COD, NH4+,N-等常规污染指标可以达标排放,但是排放尾水中仍然存在大量难降解有机物,这些有机物继续将在环境中广泛存在并在生物圈进行富集,给生态环境和生物种群造成较大的危害。据统计,2005年我国7万多企业将近16亿吨污水未能达标排放,使得全国近一半河段和九成的城市水域受到不同程度的污染,而废水中难降解有机污染物已严重影响经济社会的可持续发展及人类水生态环境的安全。此外,有研究表明,即使是远远低于排放标准的有机废水依然能对环境特别是生物产生持久性的危害作用。
因此,开发高效处理高浓度难降解有机废水的新型无害化技术,将废水中难降解有机污染物实现无害化对保障生态安全具有关键作用,已经成为当前国内外环境领域学术界与工程界的研究重点与难点。
关键词:废水;湿式氧化
The process design of the wet air oxidation to deal with methacrylic acid wastewater.
Abstract:The wet air oxidation technology is that the treatment of high concentration, toxic, hazardous, bio-degradable organic pollutants at high temperature, high pressure,that is an effective advanced oxidation technology. It is a development from the 1950s for treatment of advanced oxidation technology of high concentration of toxic, hazardous and bio-degradable wastewater . It is in the high temperature (125 ~ 320 ° C) and high pressure (0 5 ~ 20 MPa).It’s also a chemical processes of oxygen as the oxidant, oxidation of organic pollutants is decomposed into carbon dioxide and water and other mineralsor small organic molecules.
In the 20th century, a sharp increase with the rapid development of the petroleum, chemical and pharmaceutical industries and the number and types of chemical synthetic substances which is into the water.. Much of which are high concentrations and toxic and hazardous industrial waste water; the wastewater using the traditionaldegradation efficiency of biological treatment processes is very low, and sometimes even can not run. so the traditional biological treatment processes has been a huge challenge.
Since the reform, China's industries continue the rapid development.At the same time, The number and types of industrial wastewater generated a sharp increase. Organic wastewater quality ingredients is more complex. including toxic and hazardous refractory organic wastewater pollution of the environment is extremely serious. and it has caused the government, businessesand other environmental workers a high degree of attention. 湿式氧化处理苯甲醛废水中试工艺设计:http://www.youerw.com/huaxue/lunwen_9536.html