摘要：浮式生产储油装置(FPSO),是随着海洋油气资源开发程度的加深而衍生出的新一代船型，有着应用灵活，移动方便，能够适应恶劣海况等特点。但因其系统复杂程度高，工作环境恶劣，且船上存在石油、天然气等易燃易爆物品，因此极易发生油气泄漏，进而引发油气爆炸事故，对经济以及人员安全造成巨大的损失。因此，针对船舶的生活楼上层建筑，开发新型夹层板结构，对保护其上的工作人员有着重要的意义。
本文首先根据相关爆炸理论及公式，确定爆炸载荷。而后基于有限元分析软件ABAQUS进行试验仿真研究，对上层建筑加筋板结构及夹层板结构进行数值模拟，得到结果并对两者进行对比分析。最后本文分析了夹层板的各项参数对夹层板的性能影响。本文的主要研究内容及结论如下：
（1）根据相关理论公式及文献，分析FPSO上最易发生油气泄漏的点，由此来确定爆距，并根据爆炸经验公式及TNT等效公式确定爆炸载荷。
（2）基于ABAQUS有限元分析软件构建上层建筑端壁加筋板结构及夹层板结构模型，运用确定的爆炸载荷对其进行冲击，选取同等位置节点的位移等数据绘成曲线进行对比分析，探讨夹层板结构相对于加筋板结构的优劣性。
（3）选取上层建筑端壁夹层板结构的一段来进行分析，运用ABAQUS有限元分析软件构建模型，通过改变夹芯层厚度、夹芯层高度等参数来进行参数敏感性分析，研究各项参数对夹层板结构性能的影响。
关键词：浮式生产储油装置；油气爆炸；夹层板；抗爆性能；数值仿真
Abstract：Floating production and storage equipment (FPSO) is a new generation of ship type derived from the deepening development of marine oil and gas resources. It has the characteristics of flexible application, convenient movement and grate adaption to bad sea conditions. But the system is very complex and the working environment is very poor, and there are lots of flammable materials such as oil and natural gas on the ship, which caused the leakage and explosion of gas and oil .once the explosion happens , it may cause huge losses to the economy and grate threat to the safety of personnel. Therefore, developing new structure of sandwich plate is of great significance to protect the workers on the superstructure of the ship.
In this paper, explosion loads are determined by relevant explosion theories and formulas. Then the finite element analysis software ABAQUS is used to carry out the experimental simulation study .Besides, the numerical simulations of the stiffened plate structure and the sandwich plate structure on the superstructure are also carried out by the software , the next work is to compare the results which are obtioned from the stimulation . Finally, the influence of the parameters on the performance of the sandwich plate is analyzed. The main research contents and conclusions of the paper are as follows:
(1) The point where the leakage of oil and gas are most likely to occur on the FPSO is analyzed according to relevant theory and paper. then explosion distance is determined by the point. The explosion load is determined according to the explosion empirical formula and the TNT equivalent formula.
(2) The model of the end wall stiffened plate structure and the sandwich plate structure model on the superstructure are built based on finite element analysis software ABAQUS. Then use the certain explosive load to shock it. The next work is to select the displacement data of the same node and compare the plotted cruves. Finally, study the advantages and disadvantages of sandwich plate structure relative to stiffened plate structure.
(3) A section of the sandwich plate of the end wall of the superstructure is selected for analysis and the model is built by the finite element analysis software ABAQUS. Sensitivity analysis of parameters is done by changing the parameters of FPSO生活楼端壁夹层板结构设计及抗爆性能ABAQUS仿真:http://www.youerw.com/jixie/lunwen_203561.html