MATLAB光学三维测量系统研究与设计
时间:2018-07-29 16:21 来源:毕业论文 作者:毕业论文 点击:次
| 摘要光学三文测量技术主要是用来对物体表面形貌进行测量，获得物体表面上各点的空间三文坐标，从而得到物体实际的三文结构数据，是一种集“光、机、电、算”于一体的高新智能技术。光学三文测量由于其具有的多项不可忽视的优点，使其成为现代工程应用中一项十分重要的技术。随着社会经济的发展和科学技术的进步，三文测量在机械制造、船舶制造、航空航天等重要制造行业以及制衣、制鞋等民用工业中发挥越来越重要的作用。本文主要研究了其中一种利用光栅投影的主动光学三文测量技术，即光学相位测量轮廓术（PMP）。与通常使用正弦光栅的方法不同，本文所用的是矩形光栅。26424 首先，本文介绍了光学相位测量轮廓术的基本原理和技术要求，然后利用投影仪、相机搭建一套简单的PMP测量系统，对不同的物体进行测量，最后在MATLAB环境下编写图像处理的程序，对拍摄到的图像进行相位采集、相位展开和高度计算，实现被测物体的三文重建。 在文章的最后环节，对目前光学三文测量发展过程中存在的热点问题进行分析和讨论。 关键词 三文测量 矩形光栅 相位测量轮廓术 毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要 Title The research and design of optical three-dimensional measurement system Abstract The optical three-dimensional measurement is a high-tech smart technology of the integration of "optics, mechanics, electronics, computer science". It’s mainly used for the contour scanning of objects, to get the three-dimensional structural data of the objects by obtaining spatial coordinates of the points of objects’ surface. It became a very important technology in modern engineering because of its several features. The three-dimensional measurement is playing an increasingly important role in manufacturing industry such as machinery, automotive, aerospace as well as in civilian industry like clothing, toys, footwear with the development of social economic and progress of science. This paper studies the optical phase measurement profilometry (PMP), which based on the projection of rectangular grating. First, this paper describes the basic principles and technical requirements of the optical phase measurement frofilometry. Then, builds a simple measurement system with a projector and a camera to measure different objects. Finally, writes the image processing program in MATLAB environment for the phase acquisition, phase unwrapping and height calculation of the photographed image, to achieve a three-dimensional reconstruction of the objects. In the last passage are analysis and discussion of the hot issues that exist in current optical three-dimensional measurement technology. Keywords: three-dimensional measurement, rectangular grating, phase measurement profilometry 目 次 1 绪论1 1.1 研究背景1 1.2 发展历程1 1.3 光学三文测量方法2 1.4 章节安排7 2 相位测量轮廓术的基本原理8 2.1 测量系统搭建8 2.2 相位分布获取8 2.3 相位展开9 2.4 高度计算11 3 相位测量轮廓术的实验验证14 3.1 系统标定14 3.2 图像采集与处理15 3.3 结果分析18 4 相位测量轮廓术的热点问题分析20 4.1 阴影和盲区20 4.2 图像预处理20 4.3 相位展开20 4.4 大面积高精度测量20 4.5 实时动态测量21 4.6 系统标定与优化21 结论 22 致谢 23 参考文献24 1 绪论 本章内容主要围绕介绍光学三文测量技术的发展状况，以及在发展过程中出现的几种典型测量方法及它们各自的特点展开，重点介绍目前在各个领域实际测量过程中应用较多的主动式光学三文测量技术。 (责任编辑：qin) |