目标倾斜对激光雷达回波信号的影响研究
时间:2018-10-07 17:42 来源:毕业论文 作者:毕业论文 点击:次
| 摘要激光雷达是一种将激光作为载波的雷达，它将振幅、频率、相位和偏振作为信息载体。具有相当高的角分辨能力，距离分辨能力，速度分辨能力和极强的抗干扰能力。因此，激光雷达在测距、导航和低飞目标的跟踪测量方面都有相当广阔的应用前景。本文在调研了大量文献资料的基础上，通过激光雷达探测原理推导建立了目标倾斜角与激光雷达回波信号功率之间的关系，重点讨论了点目标及扩展目标的倾斜对接收功率的影响，并且利用激光雷达数字化仿真技术来验证分析。结果表明：无论是点目标还是扩展目标，距离越长时目标倾斜对激光雷达回波信号的影响越小，目标倾斜的角度越大对回波信号的影响越大；目标倾斜角度过大时，将接收不到回波信号；在测量距离较短时，点目标倾斜对激光雷达回波信号的影响较大；而测量距离较长时，扩展目标倾斜对激光雷达回波信号的影响较大。本论文对激光雷达探测系统的参数设置和目标选择有一定的参考价值。28846 关键词 激光雷达、目标倾斜、回波信号、数字化仿真 毕业论文设计说明书外文摘要 Title Research on the influence of target tilt to laser radar's return signal Abstract Laser radar uses laser as the carrier, it is a kind of radar which uses frequency phase and amplitude as the carrier of information. Laser radar has a high angular resolution, a range resolution, a velocity resolution and a strong anti-interference. So, Laser radar would have a wide application in ranging navigation and tracking of low-flying target. On the basis of the investigation of a lot of documents, we established the relationship between the power of return signal and the tilt of target, The effect of the tilt of the point target and extended target on the received power is discussed in the emphasis. Then we have written a simulation program in MATLAB and put out the results. The results show that, the closer the distance, the more the effect of tilt of target on return signal is. And the greater the angle of tilt of target, the more remarkable the effect of return signal. Meanwhile, when the distance is close, the effect of tilt of point target on return signal is relatively larger, and when the distance is far, he effect of tilt of extended target on return signal is relatively larger. Therefore, it has some scientific value to optimized design of Laser radar and Perfection of system of laser radar ranging theory. Keywords Laser radar, tilt of target, return signal, digital simulation 目 次 1 绪论 1 1.1 研究背景与研究意义 1 1.2 国内外研究现状 1 1.3 论文的主要工作 3 2 激光雷达系统工作原理 4 3 激光雷达测距方程 10 3.1 对于点目标，激光信号的接收功率的表达式11 3.2 对于扩展目标，激光信号的接收功率的表达式12 4 目标倾斜对激光雷达回波功率的影响及其数字化仿真 14 4.1 点目标倾斜对回波功率的影响 15 4.2 扩展目标倾斜对回波功率的影响 19 结论 25 致谢 26 参考文献27 1 绪论 1.1 研究背景与研究意义 激光雷达是以激光为工作光束的雷达，工作在红外和可见光波段，是一种在传统雷达的基础上结合光电辐射探测发展起来的主动成像技术[1]。一个简单的激光雷达系统由这样几部分构成：激光器，光束整形系统，发射望远镜，发射扫描系统，接收望远镜，光电探测器，计算机时序控制装置和存储显示装置。激光从激光器发出，经整形和扩束后，由发射扫描系统发射至目标，激光与目标相互作用，返回的信号被接收扫描后进入接收系统，随后被传输至探测器，探测器将光信号转变为电信号，然后，计算机对电信号进行运算处理，处理过后的信号能够存储或显示。此外，计算机还可以控制激光发射和探测门电路[2]。 (责任编辑：qin) |