摘要湿地生态系统具有巨大的生态系统服务功能价值,，健康的湿地生态系统是区域生态安全的重要组成部分和社会经济可持续发展的重要基础[1]。西溪湿地是第四纪地质变化中由多个河段冲积作用形成的水网纵横的自然湿地，历史上的最大面积达到60km2。随着人类文明的发展，西溪湿地作为一块适宜耕种养殖的土地一直受到人类的干扰。至今西溪湿地的原始湿地景观已经消失，取而代之的是库塘河道交错纵横的城市次生湿地景观，主要功能为围垦渔业功能与旅游服务功能。20世纪末开始，随着人口和社会经济的发展，工业化与城市化的加速，人为干扰破坏程度迅速增加，西溪湿地的生态格局发生了显著的变化，湿地面积大幅度缩小，湿地功能遭到严重破坏，最主要表现为水质环境与生态环境的恶化。76613
遥感技术作为一种新兴的科技手段，在宏观上的景观格局提取、生态特征动态分析与微观上的定量反演的作用与优势越来越明显。本研究以2000年，2007年与2012年三幅西溪湿地遥感影像与湿地内河道实地采集的水文数据，提取西溪湿地基本的景观格局，分析不同地物的空间分布特征；根据不同时相的分类结果进行各地物的动态演变监测，分析湿地内生态特征的变化趋势，揭示影响其变化的驱动力。另一方面，分析影响湿地水质环境可能的主要因子，利用遥感提取的河网数据，计算影响因子，分析水质参数的采集数据与遥感提取的影响因子间的线性回归关系，建立湿地水质参数的遥感反演模型，探究西溪湿地水体自净能力。
依据湿地景观格局及其动态变化的遥感提取结果，西溪湿地内的水体面积在12年内表现出大幅度下降的趋势，主要表现在库塘大面积消失；裸地与建筑面积的波动，表现出湿地区域经过破坏-保护的过程。水质参数的遥感反演模型说明了西溪湿地内河道的水体透明度与河道长度有着较大的相关性，与河道弯曲系数与河道水深也有一定的相关性。本文通过对西溪湿地生态特征及其变化的研究，为保护西溪湿地的生态原貌，恢复其作为“城市绿肾”的作用做出有力的贡献。
毕业论文关键词：西溪湿地； 遥感； 生态； 分类； 反演
Abstract Wetlands ecosystem possesses a great value of ecosystem services function。 A healthy wetlands ecosystem could be a significant component of regional ecological security。 Moreover, it might also be the important basis of sustainable social and economic development。 Xixi Wetland, with its crisscross waterways, is naturally formed due to the quaternary geological change resulting in the alluvial effects on several river reaches。 Its largest acreage in history is approximately 60km2。 Along with the development of human civilization, Xixi wetland as an arable farming land has been subject to human interference。 The primitive wetland landscape of Xixi Wetland has disappeared so far。 An urban secondary wetland landscape which contains ponds and riverways has completely replaced the wetland。 The dominant functions of the wetland landscape are reclamation of fisheries and tourism service function。 With the development of population and social economy, acceleration of industrialization and civilization, the human disturbance increases rapidly in the degree of damage at the end of 20th century。 The ecological pattern of Xixi Wetland has changed obviously and the proportion of wetland has narrowed substantially。 The uppermost consequences that severe destruction of wetland-function has shown are deterioration of aqueous and ecological environment。
As a burgeoning scientific means, the impact and superiority of Remote Sensing Techniques on macrocosmic extract of landscape pattern, dynamic analysis of ecological characteristics and microcosmic quantitative inversion become more and more distinct。 In this research, my study is pided into three sections。 The first section includes extraction of Xixi Wetland’s landscape pattern and analysis on special distribution of perse terrain。 The second section contains monitoring on dynamic change of terrains according to classification results of different time phases, analysis on variation trend of ecological characteristics in wetland and reveal of what affects those variables。 The last part includes analysis on the dominate determinant that probably impacts the water condition of the wetland, compute on the determinant which based on river network data abstracted though Remote Sensing, analysis on linear regression relationship between collected data of water quality parameters and influencing factor that extracted through Remote Sensing, setting up the Remote Sensing Inversion Model of wetland’s water quality parameters, and exploration on self cleaning capacity of Xixi Wetland。 This research is based on three Xixi Wetland’s hydrology records which gathered practically at watercourses in the wetland and collected through images of Remote Sensing during the year of 2000, 2007 and 2012。 西溪湿地生态特征遥感提取与反演:http://www.youerw.com/shuxue/lunwen_87904.html