摘要本文以微合金化模具钢为实验对象，展开对微合金化模具钢合金元素分析方法的研究。测试中，分别采用传统的分光光度、ICP-AES、直读光谱法来测定钢中微量元素的含量，并且对所得结果进行综合对比分析。84431

    分光光度法，采用传统的染色剂，使用常规的721分光光度计对其进行测量，其中硅元素的测量值比实际值偏差44。74%，测量值偏差最少的是铬元素，为23。3%：

ICP-AES法，分别采用盐酸、硝酸和王水三种不同的溶剂来溶解钢样，然后对结果进行比较。其中王水的溶解效果最好，测得数据最为精确；测量值最精确的是锰，偏差值为2。27%，最差的是镍元素，偏差值为16。67%。

直读光谱仪法，先对样本进行纵向均匀性研究，然后随机选取一个激发面，对数点进行测试，对样本进行横向均匀性分析。最终，选取最具代表性的一面进行测试，此法方差、偏差都很低，对于Cr元素，偏差只有0。1%，P、S元素的方差为0，说明直读光谱仪的精度高，工作稳定型好。

将三种方法得到的结果进行综合对比、分析。从效率、经济等方面综合考虑，可以得出直读光谱仪是最为方便、准确且经济的方法。

毕业论文关键词：微合金化模具钢；元素分析精度；分光光度计；ICP—AES；直读光谱仪

Abstract In this paper, the analysis method of micro alloyed die steel alloy elements was studied by using the micro alloyed tool steel as the experimental object。In this test, respectively, using the traditional spectrophotometer and advanced ICP-AES, direct reading spectrometer to determine the content of trace elements in steel, and the results were compared。

    Spectrophotometric method：using the traditional dyeing agent to measure the results by using a conventional 721 spectrophotometer。 By measuring the value of silicon is 44。74%, and the deviation of the measured value is the least, which is 23。3%。

    ICP - AES: hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and aqua fortis were used to dissolve the steel samples, and the results were compared。 The aqua regia dissolving effect is best, the data by mearsuing is the most accurate, which measured values the most accurate manganese and the deviation value is 2。27%, the worst is nickel (Ni) and the deviation value was 16。67%。

Direct reading spectrometer: first of all , do longitudinal uniformity of the sample and then selected a excited surface randomly, point pairs tested transverse uniformity analysis of the sample。 Finally, select the most representative one to carry on the test。 The method has low variance and bias。For Cr element, only 0。1% deviation and the variance of elements P, S is 0 ,it means that direct reading spectrometer has high precision and good stability。

The results obtained by the three methods are compared, analyzed and discussed, and the test method is improved。 Finally, we can get that direct reading spectrometer is the most convenient, accurate and economic method。

Key words: Micro-alloyed die steel; spectrophotometer; ICP-AES; direct-reading spectrometer 

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1引言 1

1。2 ICP 1

1。2。1原理及研究方法 2

1。2。2研究现状 3

1。2。3 ICP-AES分析性能 3

1。2。4存在问题及解决方案 4

1。3直读光谱法 5

1。3。1基本原理