摘要：本文选用二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯(MDI)、聚四亚甲基二醇（PTHF）和 1,4-丁二醇 (1,4-BDO)制备了聚氨酯弹性体材料，研究了催化剂的用量、浇筑时机的选择等工艺参数 对聚氨酯弹性体制备的影响。研究了羟丙基甲基纤维素(HPMC)对聚氨酯弹性体性能的影 响，采用红外光谱和差热分析对纤维素改性聚氨酯弹性体进行了表征，并对聚氨酯弹性 体的力学性能进行了测试。研究表明异氰酸酯反应完全，随着纤维素含量的增加，纤维 素改性聚氨酯弹性体的微相分离程度增加，拉伸强度提高，断裂伸长率增加，当纤维素 含量在 1%时，纤维素聚氨酯弹性体的拉伸强度达到 18.44MPa 断裂伸长率为 890%。66324

毕业论文关键词：聚氨酯弹性体；纤维素；制备工艺；力学性能。

Preparation and Properties of Cellulose Modified Polyurethane Elastomers

Abstract: In this paper, polyurethane elastomer materials were prepared by using diphenyl methane di isocyanate (MDI), polytetramethylene glycol (PTHF) and 1, 4-butanediol (1, 4-BDO). The amount of catalyst, the choice of processing parameters such as the timing of the preparation of polyurethane elastomer. The effects of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) on the properties of polyurethane elastomers were studied. The cellulose elastomers modified by infrared spectroscopy and differential thermal analysis were used to characterize the mechanical properties of polyurethane elastomers. The results show that the isocyanate reaction is complete, with the increase of the cellulose content, the degree of micro phase separation of the cellulose modified polyurethane elastomer increases, the tensile strength increases and the elongation at break increases. When the cellulose content is 1% The tensile strength of polyurethane elastomer reached 18.44MPa elongation at break of 890%.

Key words: Polyurethane Elastomer; Cellulose; Preparation Process; Mechanical Properties.

目 录

引言 1

1 文献综述 2

1.1 聚氨酯弹性体的概述 2

1.2 聚氨酯弹性体合成的原料 2

1.3 聚氨酯弹性体的制备方法 2

1.4 聚氨酯弹性体的应用 4

1.5 聚氨酯弹性体的改性 5

1.5.1  有机氟改性聚氨酯 5

1.5.2  有机硅改性聚氨酯 5

1.5.3  纳米复合改性 6

1.5.4  丙烯酸酯聚氨酯改性 6

1.5.5  环氧树脂改性聚氨酯 7

1.6 纤维素 7

1.7 纤维素改性聚氨酯弹性体的研究 8

1.8 本论文主要研究的内容及意义 8

2   实验部分 10

2.1 实验原料与设备 10

2.2 纯聚氨酯的制备 11

2.3 纤维素改性聚氨酯弹性体的制备 11

2.4 表征方法 12

2.4.1 傅里叶红外光谱仪（FT-IR） 12

2.4.2  差示扫描量热法（DSC） 12

2.5 拉伸测试 12

3   结果与讨论 12

3.1 纤维素聚氨酯弹性体制备