摘要铝及铝合金具有密度小、热导率高、耐腐蚀性好、加工性能优异、韧性高及 成形性好等特点，研究其成形过程为生产提供帮助显得十分必要。同时，用挤压 成形生产铝合金是常被采取的方法。这种方法带来的优点有节约原材料和提高生 产效率等，在研究领域得到了广泛重视。本课题在对铝型材挤压的基本原理、方 法、特点和发展历程等进行了研究之后，决定利用有限元法，通过 ANSYS 软件来 模拟铝棒的挤压成形过程，研究其应力场、应变场，得到的结论有摩擦系数对等 效应力场的影响不显著，摩擦系数对坯料的径向应力场、周向应力场和轴向应力 场的分布影响较为明显，摩擦系数对应变场的影响不大等。这些规律性结论对生 产实践有指导意义。68574

毕业论文关键词 铝棒 挤压成形 有限元法 数值模拟

Title The study on Aluminum alloys rod extrusion forming by numerical simulation

Abstract

Aluminum alloys are important in the modern life because of low density, high thermal conductivity, good resistance to corrosion, processing performance, high toughness and excellent properties such as good formability.Therefore ,it is necessary to study their forming process to help production. At the same time, the Aluminum alloys are often produced by extrusion forming.This method has the advantages of saving raw materials and improve production efficiency, etc., so it has been widely concern in the research field. This topic uses the finite element method and ANSYS software to study the Aluminum rod extrusion forming process.It will get the results of stress field and strain field after researching the Aluminum extrusion of basic principles, methods, characteristics and development of the Aluminum.It comes the conclusion that the influence of friction coefficient of equivalent stress field ,and the strain field is not obvious,but it effects the radial,circumferential and axial stress field a lot.These regular conclusions can be a guidance for production practice.

Keywords Aluminum rod extrusion forming

目 次

1.引言 1

1.1 挤压技术及其发展概况 1

1.1.1 挤压基本原理 2

1.1.2 挤压分类 2

1.1.3 挤压发展概况 3

1.2 铝型材挤压技术及其数值模拟发展 3

1.2.1 铝型材挤压原理与特点 3

1.2.2 铝型材挤压技术发展概况 4

2 有限元数值模拟 5

2.1 有限元法的基本思想 5

2.2 有限元法的特点 5

2.3 有限元的发展与应用 6

2.3.1 有限元法发展历史 6

2.3.2 有限元法应用领域 7

2.4 ANSYS 软件简介 8

3 铝合金挤压过程模拟 9

3.1 挤压过程参数描述 9

3.2 模拟前问题分析 10

3.3 模拟步骤与结果分析