摘要：我们把用于抵御波浪，保护海港，防护海岸工程的结构物称为防波堤。传统防波堤的造价随水深增加而急剧增加，其坐底式特点会造成建造困难，而且港内水体不易交换易致使泥沙淤积。浮式防波堤造价低廉，而且适应水深大，具有优良的生态环保性等优点。浮式防波堤现已受到国内外研究者愈来愈多的关注与重视。因此，对海洋工程、港口海岸工程、海洋资源开发来说，浮式防波堤设计是一项关键技术。

本文自主设计了一种具有沉浮功能的浮箱—轮胎式浮式防波堤，并对其消波性能和运动性能进行了研究。主要研究内容如下：

1.参考相关文献对国内外的浮式防波堤的研究成果和工程应用实例进行了调查和了解。针对目标海域的状况，设计了一种浮箱—轮胎式浮式防波堤，紧接着对该构型浮堤展开研究,并确定了其主尺度。

2.对浮箱—轮胎式浮式防波堤的各个部分进行了详细的参数设计，并设计了相配套的锚泊系统。应用水动力计算程序分别计算浮箱式和浮箱—轮胎式浮堤在不同波周期下的运动响应和系泊锚链张力，两者进行对比，同时也与规范要求进行对比，对其可行性进行验证。

3.通过对比堤体主尺度相同的浮箱式与浮箱—轮胎式浮式防波堤，研究两者的消波性能和水动力性能，验证设计的可行性。

结果表明，相比于浮箱式浮式防波堤，浮箱—轮胎式浮式防波堤更具有较好的消波性能，同时其运动响应也较好。随着波浪周期变长，浮箱—轮胎式浮式防波堤的消波效果会有所降低，其运动响应也会有所变大。

关键词：浮式防波堤；构型设计；废旧轮胎；消波性能；运动响应

Abstract：We use the structure used to protect the waves, protect the harbor, and protect the coastal works called breakwaters. The cost of the traditional breakwater increases sharply with the increase of the water depth, and its sitting characteristics will cause difficulties in the construction. The water body in the harbor is not easy to exchange. The floating breakwater, it is not only low cost, but also to adapt to water depth, with excellent ecological and environmental advantages. Floating breakwater has now been more and more attention and attention from domestic and foreign researchers. Therefore, the research and design of floating breakwater is a key technology for marine engineering, port and coastal engineering and marine resource development.

In this paper, a floating box - tread - type floating breakwater with lifting function is designed, and its wave - canceling performance and hydrodynamic performance are studied. The main research contents are as follows:

1. The research results and engineering application examples of floating breakwater at home and abroad are investigated and understood by reference to relevant literature. A kind of pontoon - tire type floating breakwater is designed for the condition of the target sea area, and its main scale is determined, and then the embankment is developed.

2. The detailed design of the various parts of the floating box - tire type floating breakwater is designed, and the matching mooring system is designed.  The hydrodynamic calculation program is used to calculate the motion response and the mooring anchor chain tension of the floating box and floating box - tire type embankment under different wave periods, and the comparison is made with the specification, and the feasibility is verified.

3. Through the comparison of the same type of floating box and pontoon-tire type floating breakwater, the wave performance and hydrodynamic performance of the two sides are studied to verify the design desirability.