摘要薄膜太阳能电池是太阳能电池发展的趋势，但由于其吸收层太薄，光子未在吸收层被完全吸收便从背面透射或从表面反射出去，造成了光子的损失，限制了太阳能电池的光电转换效率。陷光结构是解决此问题的有效途径之一。因此，本文基于陷光结构机理，对基于光栅效应的非晶硅薄膜太阳能电池陷光结构进行优化设计，以提高太阳能电池对光子的吸收率。

本文简述了严格耦合波分析法以及时域有限差分的基本原理，并利用严格耦合波分析法设计了四种非晶硅薄膜太阳能电池结构并对TM、TE模下的衍射效率进行了仿真模拟，最终优化得到一个可以大幅度提高光子吸收效率的陷光结构模型。比较各模型对光的吸收率，并利用时域有限差分法计算结构内部场强分布。最终优化的模型对于大角度入射的光子仍然具有较高的吸收效率。优化后的太阳能电池陷光结构对光子的整体吸收效率相较于平板结构提高了约17.59%。68003

毕业论文关键词  光栅效应  陷光结构  薄膜太阳能电池  严格耦合波分析法   时域有限差分法

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title    Design and research of light trapping structures in thin film solar cells based on grating effect                                                   

Abstract

Thin film solar cells are the future of the photovoltaic industry. But the thin active layer makes it more difficult to absorb photons in solar cells which restricts the cell efficiency. The light trapping structure is one of the effective ways to solve this problem. In this paper, we designed and optimized the light trapping structure with gratings in amorphous silicon thin film solar cells based on the mechanism of the light trapping structure to improve the conversion efficiency of solar cells.

This paper introduced the theoretical basis of rigorous coupled wave analysis and finite difference time domain methods. And then we use the rigorous coupled wave analysis method to design and simulate four solar cell structures under TM and TE modes, eventually find an optimized light trapping model which could greatly improve the efficiency of photon absorption. The internal field intensity distribution were calculated by the finite difference time domain method. The final optimized model also has a high absorption efficiency in large-angle incidence, and 17.59% more photon absorption could be improved by the light trapping structure compared to the flat structure.

Keywords  grating effect, light trapping structure, thin film solar cell, rigorous coupled-wave analysis, finite difference time domain method

目   次  

摘要 …I

Abstract …II

目次 …Ⅲ

1 引言 1

1.1 太阳能电池的发展及应用 1

1.2 太阳能电池的原理 …1

1.3 太阳能电池的分类 …2

1.4 陷光结构 …3

1.5 光栅的原理 4

1.6 本文的主要研究工作 5

2 计算方法 5

2.1 严格耦合波分析法（RCWA） …6

2.2 时域有限差分法(FDTD)   7

3 模型的设计与计算 8

3.1 模型设计的基本原理 8

3.2 模型的设计与分类 …8

3.3 不同结构的吸收率对比与分析 13

3.4 同种结构下不同模的吸收率对比与分析 16

3.5 ＴＭ模下场强分布 …17

3.6 不同结构的整体吸收率的对比与分析 …18

3.7 不同入射角吸收率 …19

结论 …20

致谢 …22