摘要物流业由于信息化的到来，使其逐渐趋于科学化和系统化发展。据研究统计， 物流整项运输费用占整体物流成本高达五成之多。另外，物流运输配送路径选择的 合理性又直接影响到配送的效率、成本和收益，特别是多用户多路线的配送模式更 是一项繁复的运输工程。79419

本文选择研究的车辆路径优化问题，基于最短路径的选择，模拟快递行业中配 送中心配送点问题，通过各种算法的研究比较分析，最终采用操作性较强最近邻点 法求得物流配送的最佳路径，得出优化路径的具体结果。对得出的结果进行分析总 结，并将最近邻点算法通过计算机程序实现，将数据载入编程，进一步改进最近邻 点法的操作方法。本文主要研究的是不带有容量问题的车辆路径问题和带有容量问 题的车辆路径问题。

毕业论文关键词：物流配送；车辆路径问题；最近邻点法

Logistics Distribution Path Selection Based on The Shortest Path

Abstract Logistics industry due to the coming of the information age, which tends to be a scientific and systematic development。According to the research statistics, logistics and transportation costs accounted for the whole overall logistics ,which costs by up to five percent as much。 In addition, the logistics and distribution route choice rationality and efficiency directly affects the distribution of costs and benefits, especially the distribution model of multi users and multi route distribution model is a more complicated transport projects。

The research of vehicle routing problem, based on the selection of the shortest path, the courier industry in distribution center and distribution problem simulation。 Through the comparative analysis of various algorithms research, in the end, the operation of strong recent neighbor obtains the logistics and distribution of the optimal path and get the concrete result of path optimization。 On the results were analyzed, and the nearest neighbor algorithm by computer program to achieve, data loading program, further improvement of recent neighbor method of operation method。 In this paper, we mainly study the is not with the capacity of vehicle routing problem and the vehicle routing problem (VRP) 。

Keywords: Logistics distribution;Vehicle routing problem;The nearest point method

目 录

1 绪论 1

1。1 研究背景 1

1。2 研究意义 2

1。2。1 理论意义 2

1。2。2 现实意义 3

2 国内外研究综述 4

2。1 国内研究综述 4

2。2 国外研究综述 5

3 物流配送路径优化算法 8

3。1 物流配送路径中车辆路径问题概念 8

3。1。1 车辆问题类型划分 9

3。1。2 VRP 中常见的约束条件 10

3。2 物流配送路径选择的一般算法 11

3。2。1 物流配送路径选择的精确算法 11

3。2。2 物流配送路径优化问题的传统启发式算法 12

3。2。3 物流配送路径优化问题的现代启发式算法 13

3。2。4 各种优化算法的简要分析 13

3。4 本章小结 16