摘要冶金工业飞速发展，氮磷废水排放量剧增，引起环境污染、特别是水资源的污染越 来越严重，水华、赤潮时有发生。工业废水中氮、磷分析通常逐一进行，工作量很大， 资源浪费。本文采用分光光度法，通过控制变量探究了废水 pH、消解反应时间、显色 反应温度对总氮、总磷联合测定的影响，得出最佳的实验条件，为实际生产中进行氮、 磷分析提供参考。84590

研究表明，NaOH 和过硫酸钾的最佳体积比为 1:5，NaOH 浓度过高水样满足总氮的 消解条件，但不满足总磷的消解，NaOH 浓度过低恰好相反。消解水样和显色剂用量的 最佳体积比为 5:2，当显色剂用量较少时，总磷测定值偏低。当消解反应时间为 30 分钟 时，消解效果最好，小于 30 分钟，氮、磷消解不完全。显色反应时间以 15 分钟为最佳， 低于 15 分钟导致总磷的测定值偏低。1 ug/mL 磷溶液和 5 ug/mL 氮溶液的混合液、 2%NaOH 溶液、4%过硫酸钾溶液、100 g/L 显色剂最佳体积比为 5:1:5:2。

毕业论文关键词：分光光度法；氮；磷；联合消解

Abstract Metallurgical industry rapid development, nitrogen and phosphorus wastewater emissions, cause environmental pollution, water pollution is more and more serious, in particular, blooms and red tides。Nitrogen and phosphorus in industrial waste water analysis usually one by one, a lot of work, waste of resources。Using spectrophotometric method, this paper explores the wastewater by controlling variable pH, digestion reaction time, color reaction temperature effect on the combined determination of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, it is concluded that the best experimental conditions, for the analysis of nitrogen and phosphorus in the process of production to provide the reference。

Study shows that the optimum volume of NaOH and potassium persulfate as 1:5, NaOH concentration too high water samples meet the digestion conditions of total nitrogen, but can not meet the needs of total phosphorus, NaOH concentration is too low, to the contrary。

Eliminate water samples and the optimum volume ratio of chromogenic agent by 5, the less as chromogenic agent, determination of total phosphorus value is low。When the digestion reaction time is 30 minutes, dispelling effect is best, less than 30 minutes, nitrogen and phosphorus digestion is not completely。Chromogenic reaction time in 15 minutes for the best, less than 15 minutes to the determination of total phosphorus value is low。1 ug/mL and 5 ug/mL nitrogen phosphorus a solution of the mixture, 2% NaOH solution, 4% potassium persulfate solution, 100 g/L chromogenic agent the best volume for 5:1:5:2。

Key words: spectrophotometric method;Nitrogen;P;A joint resolution

目 录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1  氮、磷特性 1

1。2  研究背景及意义 2

1。3  氮、磷的测定方法 3

1。3。1 磷的常见测定方法 3

1。3。2 氮的测定方法 4

1。3。3 水中总氮、总磷的联合测定 6

1。4  研究内容 7

第二章 实验部分 8

2。1  仪器设备和实验试剂 8

2。1。1 实验试剂 8

2。1。2 仪器设备 8

2。1。3 配制溶液 8

2。2  误差分析和研究