摘 要：聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF）是一种非常优良的膜材料，由于其强疏水性特点，使其在使用过程有易污染、过滤阻力大及通量低等不足。本文采用聚甲基丙烯酸-N，N-二甲氨基乙酯（PDMAEMA）共混改性制备改性凹土，利用浸入相转化法制备PVDF/PGS-g-PDMAEMA超滤膜，增加PVDF膜的亲水性，提高其耐污染性。通过考察不同接枝率改性凹土对PVDF超滤膜的机械强度、纯水通量、动态接触角、油水分离性能等影响，优化分离工艺参数。实验结果表明，当改性接枝率为7。45时，改性膜的机械强度和伸长率最大；在室温、压力为0。1 MPa的条件下，改性接枝率为8。48时，改性膜的动态接触角、纯水通量、孔径和截留率均最大，其亲水性、渗透性能和分离性能最佳。综合考虑，当改性凹土接枝率为8。48时，改性膜的综合性能最优。91202

毕业论文关 键 词：PVDF超滤膜，凹土，油水分离，抗污染性能

Abstract: Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) is a kind of excellent membrane material。 Because of its strong hydrophobic characteristics, PVDF has the disadvantages of easy pollution, large filtering resistance and low flux during use。 In this paper, the modified palygorskite was prepared by blending with poly[2-(N,N-dimethyl amino)-ethyl methacrylate] (PDMAEMA)。 PVDF / PGS-g-PDMAEMA ultrafiltration membrane was synthesized by immersion phase transformation。 This increased the hydrophilicity of the PVDF membrane and improved its resistance to contamination。 The effects of different grafting rate on the mechanical strength, pure water flux, dynamic contact angle, oil-water separation performance of PVDF ultrafiltration membrane were investigated。 The experimental results showed that when the modified grafting rate was 7。45, the mechanical strength and elongation of the modified palygorskite were the highest。 Under the condition of room temperature and pressure of 0。1 MPa, the modified grafting rate was 8。48。 And the dynamic contact angle, pure water flux, pore size and interception rate of the modified palygorskite were the highest。 Its hydrophilicity, permeability and separation performance were the best。 When the grafting rate of modified palygorskite was 8。48, the comprehensive performance of modified film was the best。

Keywords: PVDF ultrafiltration membrane, attapulgite, oil-water separation, anti-fouling property

目  录

1  引言 4

1。1  含油污水 4

1。2  膜分离技术 5

1。3  聚偏氟乙烯（PVDF） 5

1。4  立题意义 7

2  实验部分 8

2。1  实验药品及仪器 8

2。2  混合超滤膜源G于J优L尔V论N文M网WwW.youeRw.com 原文+QQ75201`8766 的制备 9

2。3  机械强度测试 10

2。4  动态接触角测试 10

2。5  纯水通量和孔径测试 10

2。6  乳化油通量衰减和截留率测试 11

2。7  污染指数测试 11

3  实验结果与分析 11

3。1  机械强度分析 11

3。2  动态接触角分析 12

3。3  纯水通量和孔径分析 13

3。4  乳化油通量衰减和截留率分析