摘 要：本文以废弃的玉米秸秆作为原材料，采用蒸馏法、微波法活化玉米秸秆，通过不断地优化实验配方，制备出一系列具有不同孔径和比表面的活性炭材料。借助比表面（BET）、扫描电镜（SEM）测试表征了不同的碳材料，同时对以活性炭制备的电极材料进行循环伏安、交流阻抗和计时电位等电化学测试。通过对数据的分析处理，发现在浓度为18%的磷酸溶液，玉米秸秆和浸泡溶剂固液比为1:8（4g玉米秸秆, 32ml磷酸）,超声震荡温度80℃，超声震荡时间30min，蒸馏活化温度为60℃，蒸馏活化时间为40min，微波活化功率700W,活化时间为3min（分三次活化，每次1min）的条件下制备的活性炭性能最佳。此种活性炭的比表面积为798。7824m2/g，用其制作的电极在1mol·L–1的H2SO4电解液中，0~1V电位范围内，表现出良好的电容性能，活性炭单体的最大比容量为127。6F/g。91512

毕业论文关键词：玉米秸秆   活性炭   微波法   电化学

Abstract：The deserted corn straw was taken as raw materials to fabricate active carbon by microwave activation and distillation method。 By continuously optimizing the experimental formula, a series of activated carbon materials with different pore diameters and specific surfaces were prepared and were used as the electrode material for supercapacitor。 The obtained active carbon was characterized by BET and SEM technique。 At the same time, electrochemical performance of the activated carbon was investigated by cyclic voltammetry, AC impedance, timing potential, and other electrochemical tests。 Results showed that the best fabrication condition of active carbon was as following: the concentration of phosphoric acid solution set at 18%, solid-liquid ratio of corn straw and soaking solvent fixed at  1: 8 (4g corn stalks, 32ml phosphoric acid), and the ultrasonic shock temperature set to 80 ℃, ultrasonic shock time is set to 30min, and then set the distillation activation temperature of 60 ℃ activation of 40min, then activated in 700W microwave for 3min (3 times, each time 1min)。 The obtained activated carbon possesses the optimal BET surface area (798。7824m2/g)。 Results show that the specific capacity reached 127。6F/g when tested in 1mol/L H2SO4, scanned in the range of 0 ~1V。

Key words:  Corn straw, Activated carbon, Microwave method, Electrochemical property

目   录

1  绪论 1

2  实验源G于J优L尔V论N文M网WwW.youeRw.com 原文+QQ75201`8766 部分 2

2。1  仪器和实验药品 2

2。1。1  实验仪器 2

2。1。2  实验材料 2

2。2  活性炭的制备 2

2。2。1  实验前期准备 2

2。2。2实验过程记录 2

2。3  电极材料的制备 4

2。4 电化学测试方法 4

3  结果与讨论 4

3。1  活性炭的表征 4

3。1。1  活性炭的BET表征分析 4

3。1。2  活性炭的电镜分析 6

3。2  活性炭的电化学性能 7

3。2。1  活性炭的循环伏安测试 7

3。2。2  活性炭的恒电流充放电测试