摘要:采用王水消解—双道原子荧光光度法测定了淮安市不同区土壤中砷(As)和汞(Hg)的含量,并对淮安市不同区土壤中砷(As)和汞(Hg)的污染状况进行分析。结果表明:淮安市土壤中As的含量范围为1。84~13。45mg/kg干土,平均值为6。68mg/kg干土,而Hg的含量范围为0。00~0。53mg/kg干土,平均值为0。08mg/kg干土。以国家土壤环境质量标准为依据,As在不同土壤中差异较小,处于清洁无污染水平;而Hg在不同土壤中差异较大,个别点Hg有一定的污染,需引起土壤管理者的注意。94614
毕业论文关键词:淮安,土壤,砷,汞,污染分析
Abstract: The contents of As and Hg in soils of different areas in Huai′an were tested using aqua regia digestion(double channels‐atomic fluorescence spectrometry )method, and then pollution situation was analyzed。 The results indicated that the As concentrations in Huai′an soils were between 1。84 and 13。45 mg/kg, the average concentration was 6。68 mg/kg ,the Hg concentrations in Huai′an soil were between 0。00 and 0。53 mg/kg, the average content was 0。08 mg/kg。 The variation of As content in soils was small, whereas that of Hg content was large。 Based on the national environmental quality standard for soils, the pollution situations of As in soils of different areas in Huai′an were at clean level, but there was a few soil with Hg pollution, and this should be attracted more attention of the administrators。
Keywords: Huai′an, soil, As, Hg, pollution
目 录
1 引言 4
2 材料与方法 4
2。1 材料 4
2。2 仪器、试剂 4
2。3 试样制备及样品测定 4
2。3。1 砷(As)的测定 5
2。3。2 汞(Hg)的测定 5
2。4 样本检测结果判定标准 5
3。 结果与分析 6
3。1 不同区域砷和汞的含量 6
3。2 淮安市不同区域土壤As和Hg污染分析 9
小结 12
参考文献 13
致谢 14
1 引言
我国是一个农业大国,土壤是农业生产的根本,但是,我国土壤污染总体形势相当严峻,砷、汞、铅、镉等重金属含量较高 [1],且全国农用土壤重金属污染处于轻度污染到中度污染之间[2],其中耕地的土壤重金属污染概率为16。67%左右[3]。砷是一种“三致”元素,而土壤对砷的容量非常有限[4],一旦砷含量过量,则导致土壤砷污染。目前,我国已有多个地区出现不同程度的砷污染[5]。汞是一种有毒重金属,且以不同的形态分布于土壤中,并且可以通过食物链富积[6]。土壤是植物生长的载体,重金属砷(As)和汞(Hg)在土壤中积聚,砷(As)和汞(Hg)可以从土壤向植物体中转移,增加植物体中砷(As)和汞(Hg)的浓度,从而危害农产品质量安全、影响生态环境和人体健康[2,7-8]。目前,对于城市土壤中重金属污染的报道已经屡见不鲜[9-10],土壤的砷污染和汞污染也越来越受到重视。
淮安市是国家主要农业生产基地,本文通过对淮安市耕地质量保护站监测点土壤中砷(As)和汞(Hg)的含量测定,并进行污染现状分析,为摸清淮安市土壤重金属污染现状,为进一步控制和污染修复提供了理论依据。