摘要：本文以地高辛作为对照品，苦味酸试剂作为显色剂，采用紫外分光光度法确定了强心苷的定量分析方法。通过回流加热法和渗漉法两种不同的提取方法和不同浓度的乙醇溶液来测定其对强心苷上总量的影响以确定最佳提取方案。结果显示强心苷浓度在0.08~0.36mg/ml范围内线性关系（r=0.9994）表现良好；测得强心苷的最佳吸收波长为490nm；平均加样回收率是102.94%；方法的精密度RSD在0.20%表现良好；溶液在15~30min内反应精密度和稳定性最好。在回流加热提取中，95%乙醇溶液的强心苷的量最大达到0.3492g；在渗漉法提取中，95%乙醇溶液的强心苷的量最大达到4.0836g，且每克牛角瓜粉末中有7.70mg强心苷。因此，最佳提取方案为95%乙醇溶液的渗漉法，其强心苷的提取量是回流提取法的11.6倍，且操作简便。

关键词：牛角瓜；强心苷；回流法；渗漉法；提取工艺

The study on the extracting technology of cardiac glycoside in Calotropis gigantea

Abstract ： In this paper, digoxin was used as a reference substance and picric acid was used as a color reagent. The determination of cardiac glycosides was determined by UV spectrophotometry. The effect of the reflux heating method and the percolation method on the total amount of cardiac glycosides was determined by two different extraction methods and different concentrations of ethanol solution to determine the optimal extraction protocol. The results showed that the linearity of the concentration of cardiac glycosides in the  range of 0.08-0.36 mg/ml (r=0.9994) performed well; the optimal absorption wavelength of the cardiac glycoside was 490 nm; the average recovery rate was 102.94 %; Precision RSD performed well at 0.20 %; solution had the best precision and stability in 15 to 30 min. In the reflux heating extraction, the amount of cardiac glycosides in the 95% ethanol solution reached a maximum of 0.3492 g; in the osmotic extraction method, the amount of the cardiac glycosides in the 95% ethanol solution reached a maximum of 4.0836 g, and per gram of croaker powder. There is 7.70 mg of cardiac glycosides. Therefore, the best extraction protocol is a 95% ethanol solution percolation method. The amount of cardiac glycosides is 11.6 times that of the reflux extraction method, and the operation is simple.

Key words： Calotropis gigantea; Cardiac glycoside; reflux method; percolation method; extraction technology

目录

1.立项依据 1

2.文献综述 2

2.1牛角瓜的研究概况 2

2.1.1牛角瓜的化学成分 4

2.1.2牛角瓜的药理作用 4

2.1.3牛角瓜的药用作用 5

2.2强心苷的研究概况 5

2.2.1强心苷的主要来源 5

2.2.2强心苷的化学成分 5

2.2.3强心苷的结构类别 6

2.2.4强心苷的正性肌力作用 6

2.2.5强心苷的作用机制 7

2.2.6强心苷的药理作用 7

2.2.7强心苷的毒性作用 8

2.3强心苷的主要检测方法 9

2.3.1理化鉴别 9

2.3.2色谱鉴定 9

2.3.3紫外光谱鉴别法 9

3.实验部分 11

3.1实验仪器与试剂