摘 要：以吡咯单体（Py）、活性炭（AC） 、六水合三氯化铁（FeCl3 6H2O）、高锰酸钾（KMnO4）、四水合乙酸锰为原料，采用氧化法、共沉淀法等化学方法成功制备出了聚吡咯（PPy）、活性炭/聚吡咯(AC/PPy)、活性炭/ MnO2（AC/MnO2）、活性炭@聚吡咯(PPy)/ MnO2（AC@ PPy/MnO2）等一系列电极材料。采用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、电子扫描电镜(SEM)对样品的形貌、结构和官能团进行了表征，采用循环伏安、恒电流充放电等测试方法对性能进行了研究。通过对三种材料的电化学性能研究与比较发现，复合后的电极材料确实获得了更为优良的电化学性质，其中AC@PPy/MnO2复合物表现出最优良的电化学性能，在1 A·g-1电流密度下，其放电比电容达到85.0 F·g-1，能量密度为42.5 J•g-1，明显优于PPy的25.5 F·g-1 、AC/PPy的42.5 F·g-1 和AC/MnO2的68.0 F·g-1。此外，通过对AC@PPy/MnO2复合物在1mol·L–1的H2SO4电解液中，在0.1 A·g-1、0.5 A·g-1、1 A·g-1、2A·g-1电流密度、-0.2～0.8V充放电电位下进行研究，发现电流密度越小，充放电效能越好。因此，AC@PPy/MnO2复合物具有很好的电化学循环性能，有望成为新型的超级电容器电极材料。66519

毕业论文关键词：超级电容器，聚吡咯（PPy），活性炭@聚吡咯(PPy)/ MnO2，电极材料 

Abstract：A series of electrode materials Polypyrrole (PPy), activated carbon/PPy (AC / PPy), activated carbon/ MnO2 (AC / MnO2), activated carbon @ polypyrrole (PPy) / MnO2 （AC@ PPy/MnO2) were successfully synthesized by oxidation method and coprecipitation method using Pyrrole (py), activated carbon (AC), hexahydrated ferric chloride (FeCl3·6H2O) and potassium permanganate (KMnO4), tetrahydrate manganese acetate as raw materials. The obtained composite materials were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to determine the samples’ morphology, structure and functional groups. Cyclic Voltammetry, Constant Current Charge Discharge test methods were applied to study the samples’ electrochemical performance. It was found that AC@PPy/MnO2 presented the most excellent electrochemical performance, the discharge specific capacitance reached 85.00 F•g-1, and its energy density was 42.5 J•g-1 under the current density of 1 A·g-1, which was obviously better than that of PPy (25.5 F•g-1, AC/PPy (42.5 F•g-1) and AC / MnO2 (68.0 F•g-1). In addition, the AC@PPy/MnO2 composite was charged and discharged under 0.1 A·g-1, 0.5 A·g-1, 1 A·g-1, 2 A·g-11 current density and - 0.2 ~ 0.8V in 1 mol·L–1 H2SO4 electrolyte. It was found that the smaller current density, the better charge and discharge efficiency. Therefore, the AC@PPy/MnO2 composite has good electrochemical cycling performance and is expected to become a new type of electrode material for the super capacitor.

Key words: Supercapacitor , PPy , carbon@PPy/MnO2 , Electrode material

目 录

1  引言 1

1.1  超级电容器的概述及原理 1

1.2  超级电容器的研究背景及其应用前景 2

2  实验部分 2

2.1  仪器和试剂 2

2.2  聚吡咯（PPy）的制备 3

2.3  活性炭/聚吡咯(PPy)的制备 3

2.4活性炭/ MnO2的制备 3

2.5活性炭@聚吡咯(PPy)/ MnO2的制备 3

2.6  电极材料的制备