摘要：本课题对金银花精油的水蒸气蒸馏法提取工艺条件及其化学成分进行研究。主要内容如下：采用水蒸汽蒸馏法提取金银花精油，通过单因素实验，选定其适宜的提取条件，利用响应面分析法优化提取条件：浸泡时间为3。00 h，提取时间为3。5 h，料液比为17:1，经此工艺条件蒸馏提取后，金银花的提取率有明显提高，表明采用响应面优化法建立金银花精油的提取工艺是可行的。采用气质联用技术（GC-MS）对金银花精油进行分析，确认了其中的47种成分，面积归一化法测定这些成分共占总质量分数的99。55%，主要成分为1-甲基-5-亚甲基-8-（1-甲基乙基）-1,6-环癸二烯芳樟醇（9。97%），6,10-二甲基-5,9-十一碳二烯-2-酮（7。32%）和芳樟醇（6。73%）。80878

毕业论文关键词：金银花精油；水蒸汽蒸馏；响应面分析法；气质联用；化学成分

Extraction and Chemical Constituents of Essential Oil from Lonicera japonica Thunb

Abstract: This paper aimed to study the extraction process conditions and main chemical components of the essential oil from Lonicera japonica Thunb。 In order to improve the yield of essential oil from Lonicera japonica Thunb, single factor tests were carried out on the three factors: soak time, extraction time, and the ratio of material to solvent。 After which the response surface methodology was designed, and the optimum technological parameters of the three factors were determined after the extraction rate of Lonicera japonica Thunb essential oil was chosen as the dependent factor。 Results showed the optimum process parameters were as follows: soak time is 3。00 h, extraction time is 3。5 h, the ratio of material to solvent is 17: 1。 Under these conditions, the extraction rate of the Lonicera japonica Thunb essential oil was increased visibly, which suggested the optimized extraction technology of essential oil from Lonicera japonica Thunb could be successfully achieved by the response surface methodology。 GC-MS analysis showed the total mass fraction of 47 compounds in the Lonicera japonica Thunb essential oil, among which the main components were 1-methyl-5-methylene-8-(1-methyl ethyl)-1,6-ring(9。97%), 6,10-dimethyl-5,9-eleven carbon diene-2-ketone(7。32%), and linalool (6。73 %)。 

Keywords: Lonicera japonica Thunb essential oil; Steam distillation；Response surface analysis method; GC-MS; Chemical components

目 录

1 引言1

1。1 金银花精油概述1

1。1。1 金银花精油的化学成分1

1。1。2 植物精油的提取方法1

1。1。3 金银花精油的应用现状3

1。2 金银花概述3

1。2。1 金银花的化学成分3

1。2。2 金银花的应用4

1。3 响应面分析法概述4

1。4 GC-MS测定植物精油中成分4

1。5 研究目的与意义4

2 实验材料与方法5

2。1 实验材料5

2。1。1 实验原料及试剂5

2。1。2 仪器与设备5

2。2 实验方法5

2。2。1 水蒸汽蒸馏法提取金银花精油5

2。2。2 金银花精油化学成分的GC-MS分析6

3 结果与分析7

3。1 水蒸汽蒸馏适宜条件的确定7

3。2 响应面分析9

3。3 方差分析10

3。4 响应面交互作用分析与优化11

3。5 金银花精油的GC-MS分析结果15

4 结论与展望18

4。1 结论18

4。2 展望18

参考文献19

致谢21

1 引言 

1。1 金银花精油概述

    精油是从植物的花、叶、茎、根或果实中，通过水蒸气蒸馏法、压榨法、冷浸法或溶剂提取法提取的油状物质。精油按照稀释状态分为稀释的（复方精油）和未经稀释的（单方精油）两种。并不是所有的植物都能提取出精油，只有含有香脂腺的植物才可能提取出精油。不同植物的香脂腺分布有区别，大多是在植物的花瓣、花蕾、叶子、根茎或树干上。提取植物的香脂腺后得到的精油，即植物精油。本课题中的金银花精油就是从金银花的花蕾中提取得到的。