摘要淡水资源缺乏是一个世界性的问题，地球上大部分水资源都储存在难以利用的海水中，珍稀的淡水资源还有大部分存在于两极的冰川中、地下水中，人类可以利用的淡水资源少之又少。所以海水淡化成为了一种新型的解决淡水缺乏的方法。传统的电渗析脱盐方式会产生大量污染，新型的电吸附脱盐以污染小、电极可再生等优点得到了广泛应用。84468

本文在介绍电吸附除盐的原理、装置的结构组成以及影响脱盐效率的各项参数的基础上，以浓度为400mg/L的海水为原料，设计了一套目标脱盐率为90%的海水淡化装置，设计内容包括选择石墨带电极材料、集电板材料、离子交换膜材料等。并根据文献研究数据设计了装置的脱盐电压、脱附吸附时间等系统参数。设计装置以3V作为正向加载脱盐电压，脱附电压时仍然取3V，反向加在电极两端，实现脱附再生，73min为一个吸附脱盐、脱附再生的循环周期。最后通过绘制3D数字模型样机，计算出管路的长度，同时根据设计取定的电极尺寸，计算出所有材料的需求量及采购价，得出总造价汇总表，并进行了设计装置的技术经济分析。

毕业论文关键词：电吸附脱盐；海水淡化；石墨带电极

Abstract Lack of freshwater resources is a worldwide problem, most of the earth's water resources are stored in seawater,it is difficult to use。The freshwater resources are rare and most of them are in the polar ice caps and underground water, the freshwater resources can be used by human is less and less。 So desalination has become a new way to solve the lack of fresh water。 Conventional electrodialysis desalting methods will produce a lot of pollution, new electric adsorption desalting has been widely used with little pollution, electrode renewable advantages 。

In this paper, we first introduce the principle of CDI, including device structure model and some parameters of affecting the desalting efficiency。 Seawater with the concentration of 400mg/L is the raw material , we design a set of seawater desalination device,whose target desalination rate is 90%, including the choice of electrode material, collector plate material, ion exchange membrane materials。According to the literature study data，we design desalination voltage of device, desorption and adsorption time of system parameters。We choose 3V as positive loading desalination voltage and the desorption voltage is still 3V, reverse on the two ends of the electrodes, desorption and regeneration。 73min is a cyclic period of adsorption desalination, desorption and regeneration。 Finally, according to the design of the electrode size, the calculation of the material demand and purchase price, by drawing the 3D model, calculate the length of the pipeline, the total cost summary table。

Keywords:electro adsorption desalination;sea water desalination;graphite electrode

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 水资源现状 1

1。2 海水淡化的意义 2

1。3 国内外研究现状 2

1。4 本文主要研究内容 3

1。4。1 论文选题的目的和意义 3

1。4。2论文主要研究内容 3

第二章 电容法脱盐装置的原理及影响因素 4

2。1 电容法海水淡化的理论基础及原理 4

2。2 电容法海水淡化装置模型 6

2。2。1 板式装置 6

2。2。2 卷式装置