摘要移动机器人是机器人技术的一个重要研究领域,也是机器人学的一个重要分 支。它是一个集环境感知、动态决策与规划、行为控制与执行等多种功能于一体 的综合系统。移动机器人运动环境的多变性和复杂性,决定了移动机器人路径规 划问题是机器人领域一个研究重点,也是机器人实现智能化的关键技术。对自主 式机器人移动路径的研究,旨在提高移动机器人环境适应能力的路径规划能力, 从而为自主式移动机器人的进一步实用化奠定基础。83776
本文首先对移动机器人的定义做了简单介绍,接着介绍了其研究的背景和目 的,以及本文所要做的主要工作。在对移动机器人的硬件基本结构进行介绍后, 涉及了导航技术、多传感器信息融合技术、人机交互技术在移动机器人中的三大 关键技术。此外,还详细分析了三轮移动机器人的运动原理。然后详细介绍了遗 传算法和模糊控制的基本原理,并对它们在路径规划方面的优缺点进行比较。最 后进行仿真实验,验证二者的有效性。
仿真实验表明:相比于模糊控制,遗传算法能够对路径规划起到更好的优化 作用。
毕业论文关键词:自主式移动机器人;轨迹优化;遗传算法;模糊控制;Matlab
ABSTRACT Mobile robot is an important research field of robot technology, and it is also an important branch of robotics。It is an integrated system of environment perception, dynamic decision and planning, behavior control and execution, and so on。The mobile robot motion environment is more variable and complexity, which determines the path planning of mobile robot is a research focus in the field of robot, and it is also the key technology of intelligent robot。In order to improve the ability of path planning of mobile robot, the path planning of autonomous mobile robot is designed to lay the foundation for further practical application。
In this paper, the definition of mobile robot is introduced briefly, and then introduces the background and purpose of the study, as well as the main work to be done in this paper。After the introduction of the basic structure of the mobile robot, the three key technologies of navigation technology, multi sensor information fusion technology and human-computer interaction technology are involved。In addition, the motion principle of the three wheeled mobile robot is analyzed in detail。 Then it introduces the basic principle of genetic algorithm and fuzzy control in detail, and compares the advantages and disadvantages of them in the path planning。Finally, simulation experiments are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the two。
The simulation results show that compared with the fuzzy control, genetic algorithm can optimize the path planning。
Keywords: autonomous mobile robot ; track optimization ; the genetic algorithm;the fuzzy control method;Matlab
目录
第一章 绪论 1
1。1 移动机器人概述 1
1。1。1 机器人的定义 1
1。1。2 移动机器人的分类 2
1。2 研究目的及意义 3
1。3 移动机器人的发展 4
1。3。1 国外研究现状 4
1。3。2 国内研究现状 5
1。4 本文主要研究内容