利用厌氧真菌和甲烷菌共培养体系研究三硝酸丙酸酯对厌氧真菌代谢的影响
毕业论文关键词：甲烷抑制剂；厌氧真菌；甲烷菌；共培养
Effects of Nitroglycerol on Fungal Metabolism by Co-culture System of Anaerobic Fungi and Methanogens
Abstract: The functional group (-O-NO2) of Nitroglycerol (NG) is able to oxidize the active center of the methyl coenzyme M reductase (MCR) of methanogens and block the formation of methane. In this study, the co-culture systerm of anaerobic fungi and methanogens was used to investigate the effects of NG on the metabolism of anaerobic fungi and methanogens. The results showed that NG significantly decreased the total gas production, methane production, hydrogen production, total volatile fatty acids, acetate, ethanol, lactate, formate, fibrolytic enzyme activities as well as the number of anaerobic fungi and methanogens (P<0.05). However, NG has dose effect on anaerobic fungi and methanonges. Conclusively, appropriate dose of NG could inhibit the methanogenesis of methanogens without affecting the activities of anaerobic fungi.
Keywords:methane inhibitor; anaerobic fungi; methanogens; co-culture
目 录
摘要 1
关键词 1
Abstract 1
Key words 1
引言 1
1 材料方法 2
1.1 研究材料 2
1.2试验方案 2
1.3化学分析 2
1.4微生物定量测定 2
1.5数据统计 3
2 结果分析 3
2.1 NG对总产气量、氢气和甲烷的影响 3
2.2 NG对代谢产物的影响 3
2.2.1 pH值变化 3
2.2.2甲酸、乳酸、乙醇浓度变化 3
2.2.3挥发性脂肪酸(VFA)浓度变化 4
2.2.4微生物数量的变化 4
3讨论 4
4 结论 7
致谢 7
参考文献 7
利用厌氧真菌和甲烷菌共培养体系研究三硝酸丙酸酯对厌氧真菌代谢的影响
引言：在瘤胃微生物发酵过程中，会有2~12%的饲料能量以甲烷的形式排出体外[1]。瘤胃甲烷排放不仅是饲料能量的损失，还是仅次于CO2的第二大温室气体来源。因此，有效控制瘤胃甲烷排放对缓解温室效应和减少饲料能量损失具有积极意义。瘤胃内主要栖息着细菌、真菌、原虫和甲烷菌四个微生物菌群，在瘤胃微生物的协同作用下饲料被迅速降解为挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）、甲烷（CH4）、二氧化碳（CO2）等。目前对瘤胃甲烷的调控主要通过三个方面：营养、遗传育种和生产管理。通过营养调控瘤胃甲烷产生的主要途径是在日粮中添加甲烷调控剂。目前常见的甲烷调控剂主要有：1）中长链脂肪酸[2]、多不饱和脂肪酸[3]和有机酸（苹果酸和富马酸丙酸等）；2）植物次级代谢物（精油、皂甙和单宁等）[4-6]；3）卤代甲烷类似物（溴氯甲烷，氯仿等）[7-9]；4）抗生素离子载体（莫能菌素和拉沙里菌素等）[10]。但目前这些甲烷调控剂在实际应用中存在不足：1）中长