水稻籽粒垩白的全基因组关联分析
毕业论文关键词：水稻；品质；垩白；相关性；全基因组关联分析
Genome-Wide Association Study of Grain Chalkiness in Rice
Yuzhi Zhang Zhoufei Wang
Abstract：Grain chalkiness is the improvement influence factor on grain appearance quality and milling quality, and these two kinds of quality are the main determinants of market value of rice. In this study, the evaluation of grain chalkiness and the genome-wide association analysis were conducted using 293 rice accessions. Results showed that the 293 accessions can be pided into indica and japonica by principal component analysis with 700K SNPs data. Chalkiness rate phenotypic variation is rich, the chalkiness rate of each group is distributed within 0-1. Correlation analysis showed that the grain chalkiness rate significantly and positively correlated with 1000-grain weight, grain width and temperature in milk period, and that the grainchalkiness significantly and negatively correlated with grain length and growth period. Moreover, nine SNPs associated with chalky were detected in GWAS analysis, which were distributed on 6 different chromosomes. These sites have could be analyzed and validated to provide resources for the molecular improvement of rice grain quality in the future.
Key words: rice; grain quality; grain chalkiness; genome-wide association study
目 录
摘要1
关键词1
Abstract1
Key words1
0 引言1
1 材料与方法3
1.1 试验材料3
1.2 材料田间种植3
1.3 籽粒垩白率表型性状鉴定3
1.4 其他表型鉴定3
1.4.1 粒型3
1.4.2 粒重3
1.4.3 生育期4
1.4.4 籽粒灌浆期间温度4
1.5 数据分析4
1.6 群体结构和连锁不平衡4
1.7 关联QTLs位点、候选基因选择4
2 结果与分析4
2.1 群体结构和亲缘关系 4
2.2 籽粒垩白率表型分析 5
2.3相关性分析 6
2.4 籽粒垩白率的全基因组关联分析 7
3 讨论8
3.1 全基因组关联分析的影响因素 8
3.2 候选基因的预测与验证 9
致谢10
参考文献 10
附表1 293份试验材料来源信息
附表2 关联locus、候选基因信息
水稻籽粒垩白的全基因组关联分析
引言
水稻（Oryza sativa L.）是世界上重要的粮食作物之一，其播种面积占全球粮食播种总面积的20%，年总产量4.8亿吨左右，占世界粮食总产量的25%。胚乳是水稻籽粒最主要的组成部分，约占整个籽粒重量的90%，胚乳的生长发育和充实情况不仅决定了水稻籽粒的重量，也决定了稻米的品质。因为胚乳是由内含大量球形淀粉粒的薄壁细胞组成，由于薄壁细胞中的淀粉体及蛋白质体排列不紧密，中间含有空隙而形成的白色而不和透明的现象，即为垩白。Matsuo[1]、Tanaka[2]等按照垩白的不同位置，将垩白分为心白、腹白、基白、侧白和背白等，其中腹白和心白最为常见。垩白率、垩白度和垩白大小一般被用来表示垩白，垩白率是指含有垩白的米粒数占总的米粒样品个数的百分比；垩白大小是指含有垩白的米粒平放后，米粒的垩白面积与米粒总的投影面积的百分比；垩白度是指样品中所有含有垩白的米粒垩白总面积占该样品总的米粒面积的百分比。垩白是衡量稻米品质的重要性状之一，不仅影响稻米的外观品质，而且影响其加工品质，因为稻米垩白部分的形成是由于胚乳淀粉体和蛋白质体排列不够密实，所以在碾磨加工时很容易破碎，影响稻米的整精米率和蒸煮食品质，进而影响稻米的流通和市场价格。