基于GPR40家族基因序列多态性分析中国黄牛的亲缘关系和起源进化
毕业论文关键词：起源进化；GPR40家族基因；DNA测序；分子发育进化树
Based on GPR40 family genetic sequence polymorphism analysis of genetic relationship and origins of Chinese cattle evolution
Abstract: Chinese cattle variety, good quality resources. However, the origin of Chinese cattle has been plagued by domestic and foreign scholars. To solve this problem, in this study the method of PCR amplification, DNA sequencing analysis and phylogenetic analysis to explore kinship and origin and evolution of cattle varieties. During the experiment by the sample DNA sequencing and the entire family GPR40 gene sequencing, and tested 16 cattle breeds and a yak breeds 17 species 530 inpidual GPR40, sequence polymorphisms GPR41, GPR42 and GPR43 gene. Then the gene sequences obtained by ClustalX (1.83) software by comparing the nucleotide sequence variations found, then the software calculates MEGA4 genetic distance and construct genetic relationships between diagrams and molecular phylogenetic tree, which reveals the Chinese cattle GPR40 family in Genetic polymorphisms and 16 cattle breeds, and provide important reference for further study Chinese cattle breeding and genetic improvement of growth traits.
Key words: origin and evolution; GPR40 family gene; DNA sequencing; molecular phylogenetic tree
目录
引言 2
1 材料与方法 3
1.1 实验材料 3
1.1.1 实验动物 3
1.2 实验试剂 3
1.3仪器设备 3
1.4实验步骤 4
1.4.1 血液样本的采集 4
1.4.2 全血中基因组DNA的提取 4
1.4.3 DNA质量的电泳检测、纯化及浓度计算 5
1.4.3.1 琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测DNA 5
1.4.3.2 分光光度法检测DNA 5
1.4.3.3 DNA的纯化 5
1.4.4实验引物的设计 5
1.4.5扩增GPR40家族基因所用引物 5
2 实验结果及分析 7
2.1 17个牛品种基因组DNA扩增及测序 7
2.2 17个牛品种GPR40家族基因序列扩增及测序 8
2.2.1 17个牛品种GPR40基因序列扩增及测序 8
2.2.2 17个牛品种GPR41基因序列扩增及测序 8
2.2.3 17个牛品种GPR42基因序列扩增及测序 10
2.2.4 17个牛品种GPR43基因序列扩增及测序 11
2.3 GPR40家族基因碱基序列的对比和多态性分析 13
2.4 17个品种间的遗传距离 13
2.5统计分析方法与分子发育进化树的构建 14
3 讨论 15
3.1系统发育进化树分析 15
3.2 研究成果及可能存在的问题 16
4 结论 16
致谢 16
参考文献 17
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