摘要生物质碳由于能够满足土壤固碳，提高土壤养分甚至能够减少温室气体的排放，而被广为推荐。目前，生物质碳对于土壤植被、土壤微生物以及土壤理化性质的影响的研究比较多，但是生物质碳对于土壤动物的影响的研究仅限于蚯蚓群落，对中小型土壤动物如线虫的影响研究甚少。本研究，我们以因过度利用而严重退化的天童山常绿阔叶林为研究对象，利用竹木废料为原料制成的生物质碳为土壤改良剂，分别设置对照（生物质碳添加量为0kg/ha）、低碳处理（生物质碳添加量为400kg/ha）、高碳处理（生物质碳添加量为1200kg/ha）三种生物质碳的添加梯度，研究生物质碳施加强度对土壤线虫密度、物种组成和多样性及季节动态的影响，为生物质碳作为土壤调节剂的广泛应用提供科学依据。研究显示：（1）生物质碳添加一年后，不同加碳处理间的线虫密度出现差异，密度大小顺序为：高碳 >低碳>对照；（2）不同添加强度对于土壤线虫的多样性没有明显影响；（3）加碳一年后，土壤线虫群落结构在处理间出现差异，其中高碳处理与对照之间的线虫群落结构差异大于低碳处理与对照之间的差异。以上结果说明，添加生物质碳在短期内对于土壤线虫群落结构和多样性影响较小，要进一步了解生物质碳对土壤线虫的数量特征和群落结构的影响需要长期监测研究。 75731

Abstract Soil amendment with biochar is widely recommended as it affects soil carbon sequestration and can be used to improve soil fertility。 Biochar is even evaluated as a means to reduce greenhouse gases。 By the statistics, studies on the effects of soil amendment with biochar on soil vegetation, soil microorganism and soil physical and chemical properties are much further researched。 But studies on the impact of soil fauna are mainly limited to the earthworm community, and studies reporting on the interactions between biochar and soil meso-and microfauna such as nematode are scarce。 In this study, we choose the 15 plots in evergreen broad leaved forest of Tiantong Mountian which is serious degradation as a result of excessive use, and use biochar made from the bamboo and wood waste as soil conditioner。 In this experiment, 15 plots were pided into 3 groups, each group with the control (biochar addition is 0kg/ha), low carbon addition (biochar addition is 400kg/ha), and high carbon addition (biochar addition is 1200kg/ha), to research for the effects of applying strength of biochar on the density, species composition, persity and seasonal dynamics of soil nematode, providing scientific basis for biochar as a soil conditioner。 (1)The studies show that, it is different on  density of soil nematode, when the add strength of biochar is distinguishing, and the density size order is: high carbon > low carbon > controls; (2)Different add strength of biochar had  no significant effect to the persity of soil nematodes。 (3) A year after the addition, the community structure of soil nematode appears difference, and the discrepancy of soil nematode community structure between the treatment of high biochar with the control is greater than the treatment of low biochar with the control。 The above results show that, in the short term, different applying strength of biochar has little impact on the community structure and persity of soil nematode。 For further knowing how biochar affects the quantity characteristic  and community structure of soil nematode，we need a long term of monitoring。

毕业论文关键词：生物质碳；土壤线虫；多样性；群落结构；季节动态

Key words:  biochar; soil nematode; persity；community structure; seasonal dynamics 

目录

目录 4

引言 5

1 材料与方法