从数学分层作业看小学高段的因材施教
摘要“因材施教”是一个历史悠久的教育理念，分层作业能很好体现这一理念，本文从数学分层作业的角度看“因材施教”的实施。论文通过问卷调查、访谈等，调查结果表明，分层作业在所调查的范围内，做得还不够，分层作业在所调查的几个因素中，都显示作业分层很有必要；从学生对分层作业的愿望、态度来看，有必要实施分层作业。进一步分析得到分层作业落实不够的原因是：（1）学生间有各方面的差异，并且学生分层的衡量标准也不明确；（2）作业设计缺少层次；（3）作业布置一言堂，学生为主体尚待重视；（4）作业评改形式单一，也缺少分层。根据以上情况，论文提出以下教学策略：（1）关注差异，因材分层；（2）突出层次，设计作业；（3）以学生为主体，师生合作选做作业；（4）作业批改形式多样，注重分层。88320
Abstract "Inpidualized" is an educational idea with long history, layered homework is one of the practices of "Inpidualized", so the writer tries to comprehend “Inpidualized” via high-grade elementary students’ mathematic layered homework。 By way of questionnaires and interviews, the author finding that layered homework is practiced rarely in elementary school, but related results all show that layered homework is necessary; View from students’ expectations on layered homework, layered homework is feasible。 The reasons why the implementation of layered homework is inadequate are as follows: (1) Teachers lack of attention to the differences of students, and they know less about the stratification of piding students; (2) Current homework’ style is "one size fits all", whose design is lack of hierarchy; (3) Homework is one-way transferred, and teachers ignore that the main body is student; (4) The way of evaluation about homework is lack of hierarchy。 Based on the above, the strategies are as follows: (1) focus on the differences of students, stratify student according to their abilities; (2)To highlight the level of design work; (3)Homework focus on students, they could choose homework by themselves; (4) Mark and evaluate layered homework according to students’ abilities as well as enrich its way。
毕业论文关键词： 小学数学； 因材施教； 分层作业； 教学策略
Keyword: Math at elementary school; Inpidualized; Layered homework; Teaching strategies
目 录
一、引言 5
（一）选题缘由 5
1。“因材施教”思想的启发 5
2。 分层作业具有重要意义 5
1。国外研究 6
2。国内研究 7
二、调查方法与过程 8
（一）调查对象及方法 8
1。调查对象 8
2。访谈 9
（二）问卷的编制 9
（三）数据统计 10
三、调查结果分析 10
（一）数学分层作业现状 10
1。数学分层作业的布置较少 10
2。数学作业量的设计缺少分层 10
3。数学作业难度的设计缺少分层 11
（二）数学分层作业的必要性