摘 要:本文从成因分析角度确立了洪涝风险评估因子,用层次分析法确立各因子的权重分配,建立江苏省洪涝灾害风险评估模型。通过江苏省历年统计年鉴获取江苏省1997—2011年的降水数据、2013年人口、GDP、耕地面积数据以及最新的水域面积数据确立了六个评价指标,分别是年均降水量指标、年内月际降水变率指标、水域面积比重指标、耕地面积比重指标、GDP密度和人口密度指标,再利用加权综合评价法获得各市的综合风险指数。淮安市和南通市为极高风险区,南京市、苏州市、镇江市、宿迁市和连云港市为重度风险区,扬州市、泰州市、常州市和无锡市为中度风险区,盐城市和徐州市为轻度风险区。66487
毕业论文关 键 字:江苏省;洪涝灾害;风险评估;指标体系
Abstract: In this paper, from the analysis of the causes of the flood risk assessment factor method to establish the weight distribution of each factor by AHP, establish the risk evaluation model of flood disaster in Jiangsu province. Through the Jiangsu Province Statistical Yearbook of Jiangsu province from 1997 to 2011 for the 2013 precipitation data, population, GDP, the data of cultivated land area and water area of the new data to establish six evaluation index, respectively, with an average annual rainfall of index, years of monthly precipitation variability index and water area proportion, the proportion of cultivated land area index GDP density and population density index, the comprehensive risk index can be obtained by using weighted comprehensive evaluation method. Huaian city and Nantong city as a extremely high risk area;Nanjing City, Suzhou city, Zhenjiang city, Suqian city and Lianyungang City is high risk region; Yangzhou City, Taizhou city, Changzhou city and Wuxi city as medium risk area; Xuzhou City and Yancheng City as low risk region.
Keywords: Jiangsu province;flood disaster;Risk assessment;the index system
目 录
1 引言 4
2 研究区概况 4
3 数据与方法 4
3.1 数据来源 4
3.2 研究方法 5
3.2.1 评估模型指标的选取 5
3.2.2 评价指标的量化 5
3.2.3 层次分析法(AHP法)确定各指标权重 6
3.2.4 加权综合评价法 6
4 结果与分析 7
4.1 风险可能性分析 7
4.2 洪涝风险评估 8
4.2.1 洪涝等级划分 8
4.2.2 洪涝空间分布格局 10
结 论 12
参 考 文 献 13
致 谢 14
1 引言
自古以来,洪涝灾害一直是困扰人类的严重灾害,给人类的生命和财产带来严重威胁。我国是世界上洪涝灾害发生最频繁,受灾最严重的国家之一。就最新统计数据显示,2013年洪涝灾害全国的受灾总人数1.2亿人,因灾死亡人数达774、失踪人数374,房屋倒塌53.36万间,直接经济损失3146亿元,占当年GDP的0.55%。可见洪涝已成为影响我国可持续发展的重要障碍。