摘要：安装了侧推器的船舶，船首的局部线形发生突变，从而产生不均匀的进流，而不均匀的进流会导致推进器产生振动与噪音。同时，电机在运转时也会产生较大的振动与噪音。为了避免或减小振动和噪音对高精度声学设备的影响，本文设计了几种减振降噪措施，比如将原始样机的单壳结构改为双壳结构，将双壳结构用弹性缓冲装置联接在一起，并在双壳结构中间填充以减振吸音材料等。为了验证这些措施的效果，首先采用ANSYSworkbench和LMS软件建立了侧向推进器原始样机的有限元模型，对侧向推进器的振动和噪音进行模拟，得到原始样机的振动与噪音结果。随后对原始样机进行改装设计，再次进行模拟以后，结果表明：加装了减振降噪技术的侧推器的振动与噪音显著降低。为了验证模拟结果，对侧推器的原始样机和改装样机进行了现场测试，可以发现在高转速下，侧向推进器原始样机的振动明显加剧，螺旋桨和齿轮箱的噪声是主要噪声源。采用减振降噪技术后，螺旋桨和齿轮箱的噪声得到明显的改善，静音式侧向推进器的平均噪声降低了6.7dB，并且壳体的振动只有原始样机的40%。

关键字：侧向推进器；静音；减振；降噪；吸音材料

Abstract：A ship with a side thruster has a sudden change in the local shape of the bow, resulting in uneven inflow. Then the uneven inflow will cause the propeller to produce  vibration and noise. Meanwhile, the motor in operation will produce vibration and noise. In order to avoid or reduce the impact of vibration and noise on high-precision acoustic equipment, several measures for vibration reduction and noise reduction are designed in this paper. For example, the single shell structure of the original prototype is changed into a double shell structure, and the double shell structure is connected by an elastic buffer device, and is filled with vibration-damping and sound absorbing materials. In order to verify the effect of these measures, firstly, the finite element model of the lateral thruster prototype is established by using ANSYS, workbench and LMS software, and the vibration and noise of the lateral thruster are simulated. After that, the original prototype was retrofitted and simulated again. The results show that the vibration and noise of the thruster with vibration reduction and noise reduction technology are significantly reduced. The prototype and the modified prototype of the thruster were tested in the field to verify the simulation results. It can be found that the vibration of the lateral thruster is obviously increased at high speed, and the noise of the propeller and gearbox is the main noise source. With the vibration and noise reduction technology, the noise of propeller and gearbox has been significantly improved. The average noise of silent lateral thruster is reduced by 6.7dB, and the vibration of shell is only 40% of the original prototype.

Keywords: Side thruster; Silent; Vibration damping; Noise reduction; Sound absorbing material

目录

第一章绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.2静音式侧向推进器的现状与发展 2

1.3侧推装置基本理论与特性研究 3

1.3.1侧推装置的用途 3

1.3.2侧推器的构造及工作原理 3

1.3.3侧推器水动力特性 4

1.4本文主要研究内容及研究步骤 5

第二章减振降噪技术 6

2.1螺旋桨减振降噪技术 6

2.1.1改善螺旋桨进流的措施