摘要：在水表的抄表工作方面，我国目前主要采用的是传统的人工抄表的方式，这种方式费时费力，有很多的不便之处。随着现代科学技术的不断发展，仪器仪表的智能化已经成为当今社会的发展趋势，新型的智能水表也应运而生。

本课题设计了一个智能水表系统，它采用预付费的收费方式，同时兼具串口通信功能，能将表内数据传至远程服务端。系统选用STC89C52单片机作为控制核心，使用C语言来编写单片机软件程序。本系统主要实现了以下功能：IC卡的读写功能，DS1302时钟信号的采集功能，LCD2004A液晶屏幕的显示功能，流量计脉冲的提取及电磁阀的通断功能，串口通信功能。同时该系统还具有记忆功能，水表内水量等信息记录在单片内部EEPROM里，即使在断电的情况下表内水量等信息也不会消失。本课题对每个模块逐一进行了介绍，包括硬件的选型及其工作原理，电路原理图的设计，软件程序流程图设计，上位机界面的设计等。最后对设计完成的实物进行演示，展示了它的具体功能，并对系统的有待改进之处进行说明。

本智能水表系统设计解决了传统水表需要人工抄表，费时费力的问题，也缓解了供水管理部门因“先供水后收费”所造成资金压力。新一代的智能水表系统不仅可以提高管理部门的工作效率，而且也无形之中呼应了我国合理节约用水的重要战略。

关键词：51单片机；IC卡；液晶显示；智能水表

Abstract：At present, China’s meter reading meter mainly uses the traditional manual meter reading way which is time consuming and laborious and has a lot of inconvenience. With the continuous development of modern science and technology, instrumentation intelligence has become the development trend of today's society, the new smart water meter also came into being.

This project has designed an intelligent water meter system, which uses prepaid charging method, both serial communication function, can transmit the data in the table to the remote server. The system select STC89C52 microcontroller as the control core, use the language of C to write SCM software program. The system mainly implements the following functions: IC card read and write function, DS1302 clock signal acquisition function, LCD2004A LCD screen display function, flow meter pulse extraction and solenoid valve on and off function, serial communication function. At the same time the system also has a memory function, the water meter and other information recorded in the single-chip internal EEPROM, even in the case of power off the table and other information will not disappear. This paper introduces each module, including the selection of hardware and its working principle, the design of circuit schematic diagram, the design of software program flow chart, the design of the host computer interface and so on. Finally, show the design of the completion of the physical demonstration’s specific functions, and explain the system which needs to be improved.

The intelligent water meter system has solved the traditional water meter needs manual meter reading, time-consuming and laborious problems, eased the water supply management department due to "first water charges" caused by financial pressure also. A new generation of intelligent water meter system can not only improve the efficiency of management, but also invisible in the echo of China's important strategy of water conservation.

Keywords : SCM; IC Card ; Liquid crystal display; Smart water meter

目录

第一章绪论 1

1.1研究背景 1

1.2国内外智能水表的发展与现状 1

1.2.1国外智能水表的发展与现状