摘要:船舶轴系是船舶动力装置的重要组成部分，在船舶安全运行中具有十分重要的地位，因此，对船舶轴系发生的故障进行诊断和监测是十分必要的。开发出一套振动监测系统，能实时的对船舶轴系进行监测，及时发现轴系振动是否异常，减少轴系的故障率，保证船舶的安全稳定运行。

本文首先对船舶轴系进行了简单介绍，概述了轴系的基本结构组成和轴系故障的表现形式。根据轴系振动的功能需求，分析了轴系振动的设计原则，在此基础上，提出了船舶轴系振动监测系统的总体方案设计。其次研究了轴系振动信号的时域、频域分析处理方法，结合船舶轴系的运行状态对振动信号的幅值、均方值、相关性等做具体分析，以此来实现一种傅里叶变换的算法。接着对船舶轴系振动监测系统进行硬件设计，通过对传感器的选型、信号预处理电路的设计，以此为振动信号的分析处理奠定了基础。然后在软件设计方面，主要设计以STM32F103C8为主控芯片、以MAX1270为采集芯片、利用keil开发平台来完成数据的采集和处理功能，实现数据的实时采集和传输。最后利用Matlab来完成对实验算法的仿真。通过编写故障信号的函数指令，观察故障信号的时域波形图和频谱图，来验证监测系统的可行性。

关键词：船舶轴系；振动监测；数据采集；Matlab仿真

Abstract:Ship shafting is an important part of the ship's power plant,and it has a very important position in the safe operation of the ship. Therefore, it is necessary to diagnose and monitor the fault caused by the ship's shafting system. This paper has developed a vibration monitoring system which monitor the ship shaft system in real time. The system can find out the vibration of the shaft system is normal or not, and reduce the failure  rate  of the shaft system to ensure the safe and stable operation of the ship.

In this paper, the ship shafting is briefly introduced, and the basic structure  of  the shaft system and the form of the shaft fault are summarized. According to the functional requirements of the shaft vibration, the design principle of shaft shaft vibration monitoring system is analyzed.On this basis, the overall scheme design of the ship shaft vibration monitoring system is put forward. Secondly, the time domain and the frequency domain analysis method of the vibration signal of shaft system are studied. In order to achieve a Fourier transform algorithm, the amplitude, mean square value and correlation of the vibration signal are analyzed in combination with the running state of the ship shaft system. Then, the hardware design of the ship shaft vibration monitoring system is carried out. The design of the sensor and the design of the signal preprocessing circuit are the basis for the analysis and processing of the vibration signal. Then, in the software design, this paper mainly uses STM32F103C8 as the master chip and MAX1270 as the acquisition chip. We use the keil development platform and processing functions to complete the data acquisition and realize the real-time data acquisition and transmission. Finally, we use the Matlab to complete the simulation of the experimental algorithm. Through the  preparation of the fault signal function instructions, we can observe the fault signal time-domain waveform and spectrum to verify the feasibility of the monitoring system.

Key words: ship shafting;；vibration monitoring；data acquisition；Matlab simulation

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1.1研究目的和意义 1

1.2船舶轴系振动概述 2

1.3国内外研究状况和发展现状 3