摘要路由协议是无线传感器网络中的研究重点，早期对传感器网络的研究，几乎都集中在二维平面。随着研究的深入和实际的需求，三维传感器网络受到越来越多的重视，促成了无线传感器网络在三维空间的发展。65307

本文首先简介了无线传感器网络的有关概念以及路由协议的相关概念，并对以LEACH为代表的分簇路由协议进行了重点分析。

其次，考虑到三维路由协议算法研究的稀缺性和实用性，将经典的LEACH协议拓展到三维空间中，实现了3D-LEACH协议。

最后，利用MATLAB软件分别对LEACH协议以及3D-LEACH协议进行了仿真，通过网络整体能耗、网络生存时间、节点剩余能量分布和基站接收数据量等相关内容的研究表明，设计的3D-LEACH协议是合理有效地。

毕业论文关键字：  无线传感器网络  LEACH路由协议 三维扩展 MATLAB仿真

毕业设计说明书（论文）外文摘要

Title  the extension of LEACH clustering routing protocol in three-dimensional space         

Abstract

Routing protocol is a key point in the research of WSNs. Early research on sensor network, almost all focused on two-dimensional plane. With the deepening of the research and the expanding of practical application demand, 3d sensor network is received more and more attention, promote the development of the 3d sensor network system. 

Firstly, this article introduces the concept, characteristics of wireless sensor network and the related concepts of the routing protocol briefly, and analyzes the clustering routing protocols represented by LEACH.

Secondly, considering the scarcity and practicability of the study of three-dimensional routing protocol, we expand the classical LEACH protocol to the three-dimensional space, realize the 3d-LEACH protocol.

Finally, using MATLAB simulates the LEACH and 3d-LEACH protocol,  the research of the network energy consumption , the network survival time, node residual energy distribution and the base station receives the amount of data and other related content  shows that the design of 3d-LEACH protocol is reasonable and effectively.

Keywords：Wireless Sensor Network, LEACH protocol, 3D extension, Matlab

目次

1 无线传感器网络概述 1

1.1 无线传感器网络概念 1

1.1.1 无线传感器网络的定义 1

1.1.2 无线传感器网络的特点 1

1.1.3 无线传感器网络的结构 2

1.2 课题研究的目的和意义 3

2 无线传感器网络路由协议 4

2.1 路由协议概述 4

2.1.1 无线传感器网络路由协议的特点 4

2.1.2 传感器网络路由机制要求 5

2.2 路由协议分类 5

3 LEACH分簇路由协议 7

3.1 LEACH协议详述 7

3.1.1 LEACH算法的物理基础 7

3.1.2 LEACH协议的建立过程 8

3.2 LEACH协议的优缺点 10

4 LEACH协议在三维空间中的扩展 12

4.1 WSN在三维空间研究面临的挑战 12

4.2 LEACH协议扩展的意义