摘要：永磁同步电机具备如下特点：构造不复杂、体积小、高效率、可控性好等，这使得永磁同步电机在调速系统中占据了相当重要的位置。随着半导体器件技术的开展和永磁资料性能的不停进步，永磁同步电机被普遍应用于很多运控系统中。81028

  在传统的永磁电机控制中，在电机的转轴上装放传感器来获取转速，这样使系统的可靠性降低，使生产价格提高，为了解决这些弊病，无速度传感器控制技术由此产生。无传感器技术经过获取电机的电流、电压等信息，通过特定的算法估算转子角，从而获得转子的位置和速度信息。

  本文论述了空间矢量脉宽调制（PWM）的基本原理，利用滑模变结构基本原理设计滑模观测器，进而估算电机的转子速度和位置。运用MATLAB软件进行系统仿真，搭建仿真模型，运用=0的控制方案，搭建具有转速外环和电流内环的系统仿真，通过调节PI调节器，使其满足要求。经过仿真分析，能够使得系统具备良好的鲁棒性。 

毕业论文关键词：永磁同步电机，无速度传感器，空间矢量脉宽控制，滑模观测器

Design of Speed Sensorless Permanent Magnet Motor Based on Sliding Mode

  Abstract: Permanent magnet synchronous motor has the following characteristics: the structure is not complicated, small size, high efficiency, good control, etc。, which makes the permanent magnet synchronous motor in the speed control system occupies a very important position。 With the development of semiconductor device technology and the continuous progress of permanent magnet data performance, permanent magnet synchronous motor is widely used in many control systems。

  In the traditional permanent magnet motor control, in the motor shaft mounted on the sensor to obtain the speed, so that the system reliability is reduced, so that production prices, in order to solve these shortcomings, no speed sensor control technology。 Sensorless technology to obtain the motor by the current, voltage and other information, through a specific algorithm to estimate the rotor angle, in order to obtain the rotor position and speed information。

  In this paper, the basic principle of space vector pulse width modulation (PWM) is discussed。 Sliding mode observer is designed by using the basic principle of sliding mode variable structure, and then the rotor speed and position of the motor are estimated。 Using MATLAB software to simulate the system, build simulation model, use = 0 control scheme, build a system with speed outer ring and current inner ring simulation, by adjusting the PI regulator to meet the requirements。 After the simulation analysis, can make the system have good robustness。

Keywords: permanent magnet synchronous motor, speed sensorless, space vector pulse width control, sliding mode observer

目录

第一章 绪论 1

1。1 本文的研究背景 1

1。2 交流同步电机简介及其研究价值 2

1。2。1 交流同步电机与异步电机调速的比较 2

1。2。2  交流同步电机与直流电机调速的比较 4

1。3 永磁同步电机无速度传感器的发展状况 5

1。4 本文的研究内容 6

第二章 永磁同步电机数学模型和矢量控制原理 7

2。1坐标变换 7

2。1。1三相-两相变换（3/2变换） 8

2。1。2 静止两相-旋转正交（2s/2r变换）