摘要图像分割是把数字图像分割成具有各自特点的不同区域，并将想要的目标区域分离出来的过程。图像分割是图像处理过程中非常关键的一环，对于图像的后续处理有着十分重要的意义。在所有研究历史上，因为缺乏通用的理论准则，所以还没有一种分割算法能够应用于所有图像，通常根据不同情况提出不同的算法，并且也没有通用的方法来评价分割的结果，因此在算法适用性的研究上还有诸多难点。83820

所以，本文通过对常用分割算法的研究，得到仿真结果，分析比较各个算法的优缺点，得到各种方法在不同环境下的适用性。

主要研究工作：了解了图像分割算法的研究背景，分析了国内外的研究现状与发展方向。对几种经典的图像分割算法进行介绍，包括：阈值法、边缘检测法、区域生长法、聚类法。对这几种算法进行了深入理解与研究。详细叙述了各种方法的原理，深入研究了阈值法中对于阈值的选取问题。做出算法程序，使用上述方法对图像进行仿真处理，得到了图像处理后的结果。分析并比较所得结果，得到了各种图像分割算法的优缺点，在对几种算法的优劣进行比较之后，再对各类算法进行了一些改进。

毕业论文关键词：图像分割；阈值；边缘；区域

Abstract Image segmentation is to pide digital image into different areas have their respective characteristics, and will want to separate the target area of process。 Image segmentation is the process of image processing is a key ring, for subsequent processing of the image has the extremely vital significance。 In all the research history, because of the lack of general theory of criterion, so not a segmentation algorithm can be applied to all images, often put forward according to different situations of different algorithms, and no general method to evaluate the result of segmentation, therefore in the research on applicability of algorithm is also facing many challenges。

So, in this paper, based on the research of the commonly used segmentation algorithm, simulation results are obtained, and compared the advantages and disadvantages of each algorithm, the applicability of various methods in different environment。

The main research work is as follows:Understand the research background of image segmentation algorithm, analyzed the domestic and foreign research present situation and the development direction。The study of algorithms for image segmentation, including: threshold method, the edge method, region growing method, clustering method。 This several algorithms for the understanding and further research。 Is described in detail the principle of various methods, in the further study of the threshold method for threshold selection problem。 Make algorithm procedures, using the above method of image processing, simulation after the image processing results are obtained。The analysis and compare the results, obtained the advantages and disadvantages of various algorithms of image segmentation, in after comparing the advantages and disadvantages of several algorithm, summarizes the applicability of various kinds of algorithms in image processing field。

Keywords：Image segmentation;Threshold value; The edge; area

目  录

第一章  绪论 1

1。1 图像分割的研究背景与意义 1

1。2 图像分割的研究现状 2

1。3 图像分割的研究内容 3

第二章  图像分割的几类方法 4

2。1 阈值图像分割法 4

2。1。1 直方图谷点确定阈值 5