摘    要桐乡市地处杭嘉湖平原，因其丝绸业素来发达，自古便有“丝绸之府”的美誉。但桐乡的丝绸业却在晚清民国时期（约1840-1937）陷于衰败之境。彼时生产力普遍落后，而兼具农业与手工业属性的丝绸业便在国民经济中占据着重要地位，促使桐乡成为富庶之地。从丝绸业涉及的两大主要环节——桑蚕饲养与蚕茧收购、缫丝织绸在该时期的发展状况看，桐乡的丝绸业大致在日军侵华前处于兴盛之势，之后则遭遇重创而逐渐衰败。为此，丝绸业采取了一系列应变之策，如蚕种改良、蚕桑技术推广、厂丝缫制和机械化生产，但颓势仍不可逆转。可分别从国内、国际两大角度分析：前者是由于国家层面未能建立一个强有力的中央政府，而民众层面对改良措施缺乏信任；后者是由列强侵华引发的政治、经济上对桐乡丝绸业的毁灭性打击。总之，当时全球化、近代化的特殊历史背景是桐乡丝绸业衰弱的最主要原因，而彼时丝绸业在调整与变革中所蕴含的改革精神，则值得历史肯定。88541

Abstract Tongxiang City is located in the Hangzhou-Jiaxing-Huzhou Plain, there will be "Silk of the House" in the world since ancient times because of its silk industry has developed。 But the silk industry of Tongxiang caught in the environment of decline during the Late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China (about 1840-1937)。 When the productivity was generally backward, the silk industry which has the attributes of both agricultural and handicraft industry occupied an important position in the national economy to promote Tongxiang become rich land。 From the two main areas involved in the silk industry - silkworm rearing and cocoon acquisition, reeling silk in the development of the period of view, Tongxiang’s silk industry was generally in the flourishing trend before the Japanese invasion of China, and then suffered heavy losses and gradually decline。 To this end, the silk industry has adopted a series of contingency plans, such as silkworm cultivation, sericulture technology promotion, factory silk reeling and mechanized production, but the decline was still irreversible。 Can be analyzed from the domestic and international perspectives: the former is due to the failure of the national level to establish a strong central government, and the public level of lack of confidence in the improvement measures; the latter is the destruction to Tongxiang's silk industry from political and economic aspects because of the war of aggression against China caused by the imperialist powers。 In short, the special historical background of globalization and modernization at that time, was the main reason for the decline of Tongxiang's’ silk industry, while the spirit of reform in the adjustment and transformation of silk industry, is worthy of history。

毕业论文关键词：桐乡； 丝绸业； 晚清民国；发展

Keyword: Tongxiang ；the silk industry ；the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China ；development

目    录

前言·1

一、重要地位源Y于Y优E尔Y论L文W网wwW.yOueRw.com 原文+QQ752018.766 ——支柱性产业·2

（一）自然环境·2

（二）重要作用·2

二、发展概况——由盛转衰2

（一）桑蚕饲养与蚕茧收购·2

（二）缫丝织绸·4

三、应变之策——近代化背景下的改革4

（一）蚕种改良与蚕桑技术推广·4

（二）厂丝缫制与机械化生产·5

四、原因浅析——内外交困·5

（一）国内因素·5

（二）国际因素·6

结论·6

参考文献·7

致谢·8